【新唐人2013年03月16日訊】星期四，兩千多名中國人大代表毫無懸念的，推舉習近平為中共的國家主席和軍委主席。但是習近平沒有全票當選，有一票反對和三票棄權。大陸學者認為，沒有競爭的選舉，投票比例高低沒有任何意義。也有學者對投反對票和棄權者表示敬意。
中共人大會議選舉新一屆領導人，15號正式確立所謂「習李體制」。習近平以2,952張贊成票、1張反對票和3票棄權當選國家主席，成為繼毛澤東、劉少奇、李先念、楊尚昆、江澤民、胡錦濤後，中共政權下的第七位國家主席。習近平得票率接近99.9%。
同時，習近平以2955票，所謂「高票當選」國家中央軍委會主席。
而由習近平提名的國務院總理人選李克強，以2940票贊成、3票反對、6票棄權通過，「當選」國務院總理，得票率達99.69%。
「中國人民大學」政治學教授張鳴表示，那些在中共一言堂上投反對票的人，很需要勇氣。
中國人民大學政治學教授 張鳴：「那都是代表中，非常難得有個性的人、有主張的人。他們投反對票實際上有一定壓力的，所以要真投反對票那都很不容易，我相信。」
「北京理工大學」法學院教授徐昕也對投反對票的人大代表，表示欽佩之意。
徐昕：「 我只想說一句話，我希望知道是誰投的這些票。」
不過，「中國社科院近代史研究所」研究員兼研究生院教授馬勇表示，這種「高票當選」並不真實，因為不存在任何競爭對手。
中國社科院近代史研究員兼教授馬勇：「我總覺得，一個真正的競選，還是非常重要的。沒有競爭的選舉，可能就不能說是真正的選舉。這個時候你講的票數了，甚麼多少啦，好像得票比例高，那都沒有意義的。一個競爭的機制，比如有兩個人去競爭，那麼一個人得到52%，51%，那他就勝出。那一比一的競爭的話，你得到99.99%和你得到51%，他沒有甚麼區別的啦。」
習近平獲得反對票一票和三票棄權，雖然吸人眼球，但是胡錦濤和江澤民曾經獲得更多反對票。媒體回顧2003年胡錦濤當選國家主席，獲得4張反對票，3張棄權票。而1998年，江澤民當選國家主席，獲得了36張反對票，29張棄權票。
另外，當選國家副主席的中共政治局改革派成員李源潮，是中共政治局委員，不在七常委之中。李源潮仍以2,839張贊成票、80張反對票、37張棄權票，當選國家副主席。
而10年前，被視為前領導人江澤民親信的曾慶紅，當選國家副主席時，卻有177票反對票、和190張棄權票。
徐昕：「如果哪一天有10%，20%的反對票，那才有區別。」
張鳴還表示，中共「兩會」的投票，候選人得票多少，代表不了民意。
張鳴：「多少這個東西。因為人大代表進去的都是官員，多是國企老總、大老闆。他們本身也不代表民意，只能說他們代表官意。投反對票多一點，不是人緣不好，是官緣不好。反對票少的就是官緣比較好。」
馬勇表示，他對於中共新領導人習近平和李克強沒有太多期待，但是他相信，中國肯定會慢慢走向民主憲政的路。馬勇說，誰不走，肯定就是背離了這個世界潮流。
採訪編輯/秦雪 後製/鍾元
Xi is CCP’ Leader with 1 opposition and 3 abstaining Votes
Over 2,000 delegates at the National People’s Congress
elected Xi Jinping as the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) new leader and commander-in-chief this Thursday.
Xi was not elected by a unanimous vote, as there were
three abstaining and one ballot against him.
Mainland scholars remarked that the vote result
has little meaning as there is no rivalry in the election.
On the other hand, other scholars paid tributes
to those who made abstaining and opposing votes.
CCP’s National People’s Congress officially established
the Xi-Li leadership on March 15, through voting.
Xi Jinping was “elected” to be CCP’s general secretary
with 2952 votes in favor, 3 abstaining and 1 opposition.
He is CCP’s 7th leader, following Mao Zedong, Liu Shaoqi,
Li Xiannian, Yang Shangkun, Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao.
Xi almost got 99.9% of the votes.
Xi was also elected as the national supreme
commander-in-chief with 2955 votes.
Li Keqiang, nominated by Xi as a candidate for premier,
was “elected” with 2940 votes.
Li received 3 opposition’ and 6 abstaining’ votes,
but won with 99.69% of all votes.
Professor of political science at Renmin University of China,
Zhang Ming remarked, it requires much courage to make an opposing vote under the CCP’s dictatorship regime.
Zhang Ming, Professor at Renmin University of China:
”Among all the delegates, those who voted against Xi or Li are the rare ones with personal characters and opinions.
Definitely there is some pressure over them for doing that.
Thus I think it is not easy to really make an opposing vote.”
Xu Xin, a law professor at Beijing’s Institute of Technology,
also paid tribute to those who made opposing votes.
Xu Xin: ”I just want to say, I want to know who they are.”
Chinese Academy of Social Sciences’ researcher Ma Yong
commented on the issue too.
Ma said, Xi being almost unanimously elected is not real
because he has no rival in the election.
Ma Yong, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences’ researcher:
”I always believe that real competition is very important in an election.
An election cannot be a real one without rivalry.
In such a case the result has little meaning
no matter how many votes you receive.
For example, in a system with competition
you can have two candidates running for one position.
If one of them receives 52% or 51% of the votes,
he will win the election.
But if you are the only candidate, there is little difference
between winning 99.99% and 51% of the votes.”
Although Xi’s receiving 1 opposition and 3 abstaining votes
in this election might seem striking, this is not a precedent.
In fact Hu Jintao and Jiang Zemin had received
more opposing votes in the past.
Some media reviewed that in 2003, Hu Jintao was elected
as CCP’s secretary with 4 opposing and 3 abstaining votes.
In 1998, Jiang Zemin received even more –
36 opposing and 29 abstaining votes.
In addition, Li Yuanchao, a key member of the CCP’s
reformist group, was elected as vice secretary, although he is not a standing committee’ member of the politburo.
There were 2839 votes supporting Li,
while 80 made opposing votes and 37 abstained.
Jiang Zemin’ confidant Zeng Qinghong became 10 years ago,
vice-secretary with 177 opposing and 190 abstaining votes.
Xu Xin: ”If someday there are 10% or 20% votes against
the candidate, then real changes must have taken place.”
Zhang Ming further noted, the votes a candidate receives
during CCP’s two meetings can’t reflect Chinese people will.
Zhang Ming: ”The number means little in and of itself
as most delegates are officials, heads of state-owned companies or big bosses.
Their votes reflect the will of the regime
rather than that of ordinary Chinese people.
More opposing votes probably result from bad relationship
with officials, rather than less popularity among the people.
Correspondingly, fewer opposing votes only show
that you are more popular among the officials.”
Ma Yong does not have much expectation
for Xi Jinping and Li Keqiang as the CCP’s new leaders.
However, he believes that China will gradually realize
what is a real democratic constitutionalism.
Ma Yong said, anyone who rejects democratization
is trying to go against the global trend in the era.
