【新唐人2011年6月6日讯】在中国这样一个一党专制的国家，人们是否相信中共官方提供的历史版本和各种信息是真实的？而非官方的刊物又是如何在狭缝中生存呢？一位英国华裔博士生刚刚完成有关“地下民刊”的博士论文，其中表示，中国的民刊不管如何打压，自57年以来就是“野火烧不尽，春风吹又生”。
《法国国际广播电台》最近报导，英国伦敦威士敏特大学博士生邵江发表论文，题为《从中国地下民刊发展看民间抵抗极权的过程 》，阐述了在中国这种集权社会里创办民间刊物的历程。
论文指出，从57年到61年是民刊发展的第一个阶段，第二段是62年到68年，第三阶段则是67年至76年，每一阶段正好是中共控制最严厉和镇压最残酷的时期。至今中国历经了第四和第五阶段，直到现在的互联网时代。
邵江：“中共统治大家可以把它叫做极权制度或者党国制度。它的一个重要的特征就是遮罩、边缘、甚至摧毁民间那一段独立的历史和反抗的历史。同时它提供一个关于这段历史的主流的叙述版本，使得一代一代人遗忘或者根本不知道这段历史的不同叙述。我的研究的一个目标就是想还原这一段存在于民间的独立的历史，一个反抗的历史。”
80年代成立的民刊《北京之春》，现任主编胡平回忆了当时的一些情况。
胡平：“最初我看到是在西单墙那里贴着很多的大字报，（就是）现在说的访民，要求谈自己的冤假错案，要求平反等等，然后也出现了一些谈论时政的文章，在这个时候，就有人把这些文章那找一定的形式把它编排起来就做成了刊物的形状。”
据胡平介绍，民间刊物当时北京最多，影响比较大的有4、5家，包括《北京之春》、《四五论坛》、《今天》、《沃土》和《探索》等杂志。
民刊发展到今天，大多也从书面的版本，进阶到电子网络的版本，提供给读者更多的方便。中国民主党主席王军涛认为，网路开辟了新的空间，却也有一定的缺陷。
王军涛：“过去民刊有一个好处，你别看我每一期只买300∼500份，但是这300、500出钱买我刊物的人都是真的关心中国政治的，他是理想主义者，跟你有类似语言的。但是网路这东西他可能上去10万、8万全是上去寻乐的、找刺激的。这样就使得一些真正的东西淹没在里面。但是平面媒体不会的。”
尽管如此，邵江认为，现在使用虚拟的方式，安全性相对较高，同时容易超越地理限制；另一个特点就是网络能够快速传播和复制，概括来讲，就是‘野火烧不尽，春风吹又生’。邵江说，民刊实际上是在跟全球的公民社会对话，使中国也成为全球公民社会的一员。”
新唐人记者林慧心、李璐综合报导。
Private Journals Won’t Disappear
In authoritarian China, do people believe in China’s
official version of history and other information?
How do non-official publications survive?
A Chinese-British PhD degree holder just finished
his dissertation on “private journals," concluding
that despite suppression, private journals
have been added to a queue, growing since 1957.
A recent report from Radio France Internationale,
said that Shao Jiang, a PhD student
at the University of Westminster, London published
the article ‘Civil Resistance To Totalitarianism
By Underground Publications’. The article describes
how private publications survive in totalitarian China.
The paper said the first stage in the development
of private journals was from 1957 to 1961.
The second stage was from 1962 to 1968. The third
was from 1967 to 1976. This was the most harsh
and repressive period during CCP’s control.
China experienced the fourth and fifth stages,
and has come into the Internet era now.
Shao Jiang: “CCP regime can be called totalitarian
system or party-state system. An important feature
is to cover, peripheralize, or destroy the history
of resistance. It provides an official narrative
of history, making future generations forget
or not know different narratives.
One of my research interests was to restore this part
of history, a history of civil resistance."
Beijing Spring is a private journal established
in the 80s. Current editor Hu Ping recalled its history.
Hu Ping: “At the beginning, I saw many posters
on walls in Xidan by those now called petitioners.
They requested attention on their unjust cases
or restoring their reputation. Later, some articles
on politics appeared and brought for publication."
According to Hu Ping, private journals were mostly
in Beijing. Four or five of them could be called
influential, including Beijing Spring, April Fifth Forum
Today, Fertile Soil, and Exploratory.
Today, private journals have mostly transformed
from written versions to electronic versions online,
providing more convenience to readers. Chairman
Wang Juntao of China Democratic Party said
the Internet opened up new space, but has flaws.
Wang Juntao: “A printed version has its advantages.
Even though I only sold 300-500 copies,
those people who bought my journal truly cared
about China’s politics, they were idealists
sharing a common language with me. But Internet
could have 100k readers just looking for excitement.
This often results in real facts being overlooked,
something that will not happen in print media.”
Shao Jiang believes that the current virtual way
is safer and easy to go beyond geographical limits.
Internet is fast in news spreading and reproduction.
Shao Jiang said that private journals are dialogues
with civil societies in the world, so China could
become a member of the global civil community.
NTD reporters Lin Huixin and Li Lu
