【新唐人2011年9月9日訊】中國一胎化政策下，每個家庭都只育有一個子女，也因此家長對子女的教育有更多的期盼。據媒體報導，2011年北京市部分重點小學的「擇校費」最高是25萬元。義務教育為甚麼還得繳交高得離譜的「擇校費」呢？一起去了解。
「擇校費」，就是一般所謂的贊助費，或人情關係費、中介費等。儘管大陸當局嚴令中小學不得亂收費，但北京、廣州等地中小學的「擇校費」不降反升，北京知名小學「擇校費」最高達人民幣25萬元，而廣州華僑7萬、東風東路8萬、番禺市橋中心12萬、華師附小16萬，起步至少都要6萬元。
不僅如此，入小學收「擇校費」，小學升初中也收、高中收，甚至入公辦幼稚園也照收不誤。
根據資料顯示，北京地區「擇校費」從90年代的七、八千元一路漲到三萬元，漲幅高達30%。這些費用，以自願捐款的形式，存到指定的銀行賬戶或教育基金會賬戶上，再按70%-80%的比例返還給學校。北京中小學每年「擇校費」產生的收入，大約在15億元左右，估計初中學校可掌控的收入都在10億元以上。
明明是義務教育，學校卻讓「擇校費」由「違法」變「合法」。據家長們說，校方會要求家長填寫「自願贊助」協議書，並且訂立「攻守同盟」，不可以隨便對外透露內容。有學者表示，收取「擇校費」是違法的，所以主管部門和學校都不承認，採取「不報不究」的態度。
記者電話諮詢「北大附小」和「中關村一小」等名校，他們一口咬定只教轄區學生，不教其他學生，也不收贊助費。
長沙劉女士因為交不起昂貴的贊助費，所以只能選擇不需贊助費的學校，雖然如此，學校還是會要求額外交點錢。
劉女士長沙學生家長：「他們說現在一般義務教育不收了，額外交點錢，一個學期是多交二千，一年是多交四千。」
北京普通中學一名王姓女老師說，學校額外收取的費用，初中唸三年要交6萬元，而高中則更多。
王老師北京中學老師：「我問的是我們學校副校長，他說，初中是六萬他是知道的，但是他不是親自管高中的，但是高中錢一定比它多，但是到底是多少的準確數字，他說不出來，反正比六萬元高。」
住在北京育新區的劉女士說，他們區有一名美國籍學生上高中，只要交贊助費不用考試就可以入學，實際交了多少錢，連他阿婆都說不清楚。
劉女士北京居民：「那個阿婆說只要他上半年，後來上了一段時間，交了有不到十萬，可能七萬還是幾萬，不知道三年還是多少時間，最後他就反正我感覺應該是三年一次性做交費，這是屬於外籍人，因為他美國戶口嘛，美國籍的，實際收沒收多少，就是中間人給介紹人給甚麼就是錢。」
高額的「擇校費」成為滋生腐敗的溫床。北京「中關村三小」有「北京最好的小學」稱號，然而，這個名揚京城的學校校長王翠娟等人，2008年卻因貪污案被告上了法庭。
王翠娟在法庭上證實，學校帳外資金超過1億元。而這部分賬外資金，幾乎全部來自「片外」學生入學繳納的贊助費。
新唐人記者劉惠、李庭、王明宇採訪報導。
China』s Tuition Fees for Mandatory Education
主播：
Under the one-child policy, every family in China can only
give birth to one child.
This increases the parents』 expectation of
their children』s education.
According to media reports, tuition fees for some elite
schools in Beijing are as high as RMB 250,000 in 2011.
Why do the Chinese have to pay high “school selection
fees" under compulsory education?
配音：
School selection fees are commonly known as
sponsorship fees, human relations fees or intermediary fees.
Although the mainland authorities forbid schools from
randomly collecting various fees, many primary and
secondary schools in Beijing and Guangzhou
went ahead and raised their “school selection fees.”
A top primary school in Beijing collects school selection fees
up to RMB 250,000.
Guangzhou Huaqiao Primary School is at RMB 70,000;
Guangzhou Dongfengdonglu Primary School at RMB80,000;
Fan Yu Shi Qiao Center Primary School at RMB120,000;
Affiliated Primary School of East China Normal University
at RMB 160,000.
with the first installment no less than RMB 60,000.
The school selection fees not only are applied to primary
schools』 admission,
but also to admission into junior and senior high schools;
even the state-owned kindergartens
collect the school selection fees.
Statistics show that school selection fees in Beijing rose from
RMB 7,000-8,000 in the 1990s to RMB 30,000 currently,
up to a 30% increase. The money, in the form of voluntary
contributions, is deposited into the designated bank account
or into the education foundation』s account with a proportion
of 70% -80% returning to the school.
The annual revenue generated by school selection fees
in Beijing is around RMB 1.5 billion.
Among these incomes, the junior high schools
can control over RMB1 billion.
In China, the compulsory education system is implemented,
but schools have ways to turn illegal school selection fees
into legitimate ones.
According to the parents, the schools ask them to fill in
a “voluntary sponsorship" agreement.
Both parties enter into a “conspiracy of silence",
not revealing the contents to third parties.
Some scholars say that it is illegal to collect
school selection fees.
Therefore, both the authorities and schools do not
recognize the practice.
The schools do not report and
the authorities do not investigate.
The journalist called some elite schools including
Affiliated Primary School of Peking University and
ZhongGuancun No.1 Primary School.
They claimed that the school only enrolls students
whose place of household registration is within the same
administrative region as the school』s.
And they do not collect contributions.
Ms. Liu in Changsha couldn』t afford the expensive
tuition, so, she had to choose a common school
for her kid』s education.
However, that school still asked her
to contribute extra money.
Ms. Liu (Parent of a student in Changsha):
“They said that due to compulsory education,
they generally won』t collect tuition fee.
But they collected extra RMB 2,000 for a semester,
RMB 4,000 for a year. ”
A female teacher, Wang, at a junior high school in Beijing,
said that the school collects extra charges at
RMB 60,000 for three years for junior high school
and more for senior high school.
Ms. Wang (junior high school teacher in Beijing):
“I asked the vice president of our school.
He said that the figure for the junior high school
is RMB 60,000.
As for the senior high school, the charges are more.
He did not know the exact figure, anyway,
it』s higher than RMB 60,000.”
Madam Liu who lives in Yuxin District of Beijing said that
an American student was enrolled in a senior high school.
He only paid the sponsorship fee
without taking any examinations.
As for how much he actually paid,
even his grandmother does not know clearly.
Ms. Liu (Beijing resident): “His grandmother said that
the grandson paid about RMB 70,000,
though not sure for how long.
Anyway, I felt that this might be a one-off payment for
three years of studying. Because he is a U.S. citizen,
the majority of the payment goes to the middle man.”
The high school selection fees have become
a breeding ground for corruption.
Zhongguancun No 3 Primary School is titled
“the best primary school in Beijing".
But the school principals were sued in court in 2008,
because of corruption cases.
In court, the school principal Wang Cuijuan confirmed that
the school』s unlisted assets were over RMB 10,000 billion.
Almost all money came from collecting the contributions
from the students whose place of household registration
are in administrative regions other than the school』s.
NTD reporters Liu Hui , Li Ting and Wang Mingyu
