【新唐人2014年04月23日訊】繼浙江寧波的「興潤置業公司」破產不到一個月，最近浙江海寧知名房企「立德房地產公司」目前也面臨破產，南京也有多家小地產公司資金鏈出了問題。有研究發現，目前有90%的地產商是「資不抵債」。那麼，大陸中小房企能走出破產潮的困局嗎？請看報導。
大陸房企「破產潮」有擴散的跡象，又有地產公司面臨破產。
浙江海寧「立德地產公司」是當地很有規模的房企，成立於1998年，十多年來已開發多個住宅項目。但現在，「立德」不能如期償還多筆民間借款，多名債主已將「立德」告上法庭。
其實，早在2012年，這家公司就開始甩賣資產，旗下有多個專案爛尾，公司實際上已經破產。
當地地產界人士也表示，「立德房產」是海寧眾多房企的縮影，當地還有幾家資金鏈吃緊的企業。
就在15號，南京的上市企業「舜天船舶」發表公告說，有一筆銀行委貸的資金過期沒能夠收回，本息超過1億元。而借款的是「南京福地房地產開發公司」。後來傳出了「福地」老闆跑路的消息。
4月初，南京開發商「盈嘉地產」資金鏈斷裂，某公寓樓施工暫停﹔南京城北的開發商「繡景雅苑」也出了問題。
而在3月，浙江奉化的「房地產一哥」——「興潤置業」，總負債35億多元，嚴重資不抵債。
「中央財經大學」研究員宏皓在他的博文中表示，中國90%的地產商早已是資不抵債。而且負債率都在150-200%以上。
宏皓認為，中央無論調控與否，地產泡沫都會破滅﹔只要融不到資，90%的地產商都會像「興潤置業」一樣轟然倒塌。
截至目前，中國33家上市房企公布了一季度銷售業績，其中16家房企同比明顯下滑，這讓房企的資金更加緊張。
在大陸總計近9萬家的房地產企業中，未來有多少公司資金要出問題？
但是，中共總理李克強暗示，「只要沒有系統性地區風險，政府就不會干預太多，因為發生一些違約情況是無可避免的。」
美國中文雜誌《中國事務》總編輯伍凡：「他就想把帳全部推給老百姓，共產黨一貫如此，不是現在如此，一貫如此，把所有的好處拿光了，把所有爛帳交給你老百姓，你餓死、渴死，他一概不管。 」
根據日本《野村證卷》(Nomura)的估算，去年房地產建設直接佔到中國GDP的16%。英國《金融時報》指出，賣地及房地產相關稅收，佔2013年中共政府總收入的38%，負債纍纍的地方政府，把高價土地作為大部分貸款的抵押品。
中國經濟評論家葉檀分析了中共轉嫁房地產危機的方法，她公開表示：中共當局就是想由民間存款的50萬億，來承接這個房地產大泡沫，替政府背包袱。
葉檀指出，「收緊房貸，讓真金白銀的民間資金替銀行與地方政府解套，沒有比這個方法更美妙的了。保持房價上漲預期，資金源源不斷流入房地產，財政無斷炊之憂。希望到房價下跌時，值錢的土地賣得差不多了，銀行已經成功軟著陸。」
去年底，「中國企業資本聯盟」的研究顯示，中國城鎮商品房存量已經超過240億平方米，全中國空置住房總量已經達到6,800萬套。這也代表，中國城鎮住宅空置率達到了25%，遠遠超過5%到10%的國際認可合理範圍。
最近大陸《證券日報》的記者通過調查發現，「鬼城」現象正逐漸成為小城市中的普遍現象。如山東濰坊目前的空房率就高達40%。
美國中文媒體《中國事務》總編輯伍凡認為，在已經有7,000萬套空房子的情況下，中共還要在2015年前建設3,600萬套保障房，把房地產的路越走越死。
伍凡：「現在房地產炒作了這麼高，賣不出去。可以供2億人口住的房子是空的，是養蚊子的，你沒法處理，並且還要再去蓋房子，不是腦筋有問題了嗎？」
伍凡指出，中共把房價越抬越高，很多普通老百姓根本買不起，甚至是所謂的「保障房」也買不起。
採訪/易如 編輯/宋風 後製/李智遠
In the tide of bankrupcy: 90% of real estate enterprises got involved in insolvency issues
Anchor: After the bankruptcy of Xing Yun Real Estate
Company (Ningbo, Zhejiang) in March, Lide real estate
company, which is a famous company in Haining, Zhejiang, is
also facing bankruptcy issues. The money chain problem also exists
in many small real estate companies in Nanjing. Studies have
found that 90% of real estate is insolvent currently. In what
way could the small & medium real estate companies get out
of the bankruptcy dilemma?
Voice: the bankruptcy tide of real estate companies is spreading,
there are real estate companies facing bankruptcy.
The Lide real estate company is a large enterprise in Haining,
Zhejiang. It was founded in 1998. It has developed several
residential projects for more than ten years. However, Lide
could not repay its borrowing from the public on time. Many
creditors accused Lide in the court.
In fact, the company started to put its assets on sale with
reduced prices as early as 2012. There are a number of
unfinished projects, the company is bankrupt.
Lide is the epitome of numerous real estate companies in
Haining, mentioned by the local real estate sector. There are
also several local businesses facing the tight cash flow
issue.
On April. 15, SaintyMarine, a listed company in Nanjing
published an announcement that there is an overdue
entrusted bank loan fund which is not recoverable. The
principal and interest are more than 100 million yuan. The
borrower is Nanjing Fudi Real Estate Development Company.
Later, it was mentioned in many messages that the boss of
Fudi has already fled.
In early April, the money chain of Yingdi Real Estate
Company broke. The building construction of an apartment
was suspended. Sujingyayuan, a developer in North Naijing is
also facing problems.
In March, Xingrun, the largest Real Estate Company in
Fenghua, Zhejiang was seriously insolvent with total liabilities
of more than 3.5 billion yuan.
Hong Hao, a researcher at the Central University of Finance and
Economics said in his blog post that 90% of real estate
enterprises in China are involved in insolvency issues. The
debt ratios of these companies are around 150%-200%, or
even bigger.
Hong Hao thought that the real estate bubble will burst
whether there is central regulation or not. As long as the lack
of financial capital existed, 90% of the real estate companies
will collapse like Xing Yun.
Up to now, 33 listed real estate companies announced the first
quarter sales result. There is a marked decline within 16 of
them. It makes capital for the real estate industry tighter.
There are nearly 90,000 real estate enterprises in China in total.
How many companies will face funding problems in the future?
However, the CCP Premier Li Keqiang implied that “As long
as there is no systemic risk in one area, the government will
not interfere too much, the occurrence of some defaults is
inevitable.”
Wu Fan, the Chief Editor of “Chinese Affairs” (a Chinese
magazine in U.S.): “They want to push all debts on to the public.
The CCP has always been the case –this case exists not
only now but for a long time. They take advantage and leave all
the bad debt to the public. They do not care whether you
starve or thirst.”
According to the estimates of Nomura, real estate
construction accounted for 16% of China’s GDP last year.
Financial Times pointed out that the sale of land and real
estate-related taxes accounted for 38% of the total income of
the CCP government in 2013. The indebted local governments
use the expensive land as the collateral for loans.
Ye Tan, a Chinese economic commentator analyzed the CCP
way to pass the real estate crisis. She said publicly: the CCP
authorities just want to undertake this great real estate bubble
by using the 50 trillion deposits from the private sector. The
burden for the government’s back –the deposits will be used to
lift the burden off the government.
Ye Tan pointed out that “To raise mortgages, then
private capital will be used by banks and local governments.
Nothing is more wonderful than this method. Housing
prices are expected to remain and the steady flow of funds
runs into the real estate industry. There will not be starvation
worries for government finance. I hope when it comes to a fall in house
prices, the worthless land was almost sold and the
bank has soft landed successfully.”
At the end of last year, according to research by “China
Enterprise Capital Alliance”, the urban housing stock reached
more than 24 billion square meters. Vacant houses
have reached 68 million units. It means that the Chinese
urban residential vacancy rate rose to 25%, which is far
more than the internationally recognized reasonable range –5% to 10%.
According to a recent investigation by Securities Daily, “
The Ghost Town” is becoming a common phenomenon in small
cities. The current vacant housing rate is up to 40% in
Weifang, Shandong.
Wu Fan thought that there are 70 million sets of empty houses.
However, the CCP still wants to build 36 million units of
affordable housing in 2015. The property road is down to die.
Wu Fan: “Real estate price is so high due to speculation.
It is difficult to sell. The houses which could be used by 200
million people are empty for raising mosquitoes. It is hardly the way to
deal with this problem but many houses are still waiting to be
built. Are there any mental problems? ”
Wu Fan pointed out that the CCP puts the housing prices
higher and higher, a lot of ordinary people can not afford it,
even for the “affordable housing”.
Interview/YiRu Edit/SongFeng Post-Production/Li Zhiyuan
