【新唐人2013年06月01日訊】中國大陸原《新華社》記者，現任《炎黃春秋》雜誌副社長的楊繼繩，最近他的著作《墓碑》一書，獲得美國「海耶克獎」。這本書揭露﹕中國「三年大饑荒」，是源自於共產黨的人禍，而不是天災。5月29號晚間，楊繼繩在紐約參加了頒獎活動和座談。他在座談中表示，書名《墓碑》，不僅是紀念死去的3千6百萬人，也希望「埋葬」造成悲劇的這個中共體制。
美國曼哈頓研究所（Manhattan Institute）為紀念海耶克設立的這個圖書獎，主旨在於恢復人們被侵蝕的思想自由。2012年得主——美國財政部前副部長泰勒（John B. Taylor）認為，《墓碑》應該成為美國學校必選讀物，也應該成為中國學校的必讀作品。
獲得諾貝爾經濟學獎的海耶克曾經說過，「經濟學的難題是讓人們明白，他們以為自己可以設計一個系統，其實是多麼無知。」
而楊繼繩通過閱讀海耶克，對大饑荒的本質及原因有了更深刻的認識。
楊繼繩的父親在中國大饑荒年代，活活被餓死，當時他正在就讀中學。他說，他的這本書，是給父親和所有饑荒中餓死的中國人立下的「墓碑」。
從20世紀90年代開始，楊繼繩利用到中國各地採訪的機會，查閱各地有關饑荒的資料，訪談經歷過大饑荒的民眾。
經過十年的努力，他收集了十幾個省、上百名當事人、上千萬字的資料，終於比較全面和深入的了解大饑荒的真實情況。他的結論是：天災年年有，但那三、四年卻是正常的年景。
楊繼繩參照中外多方面資料，確認﹕從1958年到1962年期間，中國餓死3600萬人。因飢餓使得出生率降低，少出生人數為4000萬人。共計為7600萬人。
餓死3600萬人是一個甚麼樣的概念？這個數字相當於1976年7月28號唐山大地震死亡人數的150倍。也可以說，大饑荒相當於發生了150次唐山大地震。這個數字超出了第一次世界大戰的死亡數字。
而楊繼繩在書中描述說，玉米心吃光了，野菜吃光了，樹皮吃光了，鳥糞、老鼠、棉絮都用來填肚子。在挖觀音土的地方，饑民們一邊挖，一邊大把大把的往自己嘴裏塞土。死人的屍體，外來的饑民，甚至自己的親人，都成了充飢的食品。那時，「人相食」不是個別現象，古籍記載「易子而食」，在大饑荒年代，吃親生兒女的事件就有多起。
大陸作家鐵流是楊繼繩的好友，他祝賀楊繼繩的作品獲獎。
大陸作家鐵流：「楊繼繩得獎，應該得。把這個歷史記錄下來。中共現在還不認賬。前一段時間中共社科院副院長李慎明，說三年餓死三千萬是刻意編造的謊言，是往共產黨臉上抹黑。楊繼繩的書，那是歷史活生生的歷史，任何人否定不了。」
鐵流表示，從1959到1962年，他的老家四川省就餓死了1250萬人，包括他的母親和叔叔。鐵流說，四川的滎經縣，是當時餓死人最嚴重的一個縣。這個只有12萬人口的小縣，卻餓死了6萬多人。
鐵流：「我的母親是餓死的。當時我們當右派在沙坪農場。沙坪農場有一萬多右派，餓死了五千多人。好多人餓死在我身邊。夾邊溝是3200多右派，餓死了2500多人。我們是經歷者，眼見者，目擊者，知道這個血腥歷史。毛澤東是反人類罪。共產黨欠下人民活生生的血債。」
《九評共產黨》在第七篇中寫道，1959年廬山會議，為民請命的彭德懷遭到整肅，一大批敢於說出實話的幹部被撤職、關押、審查，到大饑荒發生時已經無人敢說真話，幾乎全都為了保住自己的烏紗帽，而掩蓋餓死人的真相，甚至甘肅省在陝西主動提出支援他們糧食時，還以糧多得吃不了為藉口拒絕了。
楊繼繩表示，希望人們汲取教訓，這樣才能遠離黑暗，遠離悲劇，不讓它們重演。
採訪編輯/秦雪 後製/周天
Yang Jisheng Awarded 2013 Hayek Prize for “Tombstone” ´
Yang Jisheng, ex-journalist and currently vice president
with Yanhuang Chunqiu magazine, recently received the
Manhattan Institute’s Hayek Prize for his book, “Tombstone”.
This book reveals that the “three-year great famine”
was actually created by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP),
instead of it being, as some have said, a natural disaster.
On May 29, Yang Jisheng attended the awards ceremony
and a discussion held in New York.
He said that the book title, Tombstone, is a memorial to
36 million Chinese who starved to death.
Also, it is his hope for burying the CCP,
the perpetrator of the tragedy.
US-based Manhattan Institute set up the Hayek Prize,
with the aim of restoring people´s freedom of thought,
that has been repressed.
John Taylor, the 2012 winner and former U.S. Treasury
Deputy Minister, has suggested that
“Tombstone” should be listed as a required reading book
in American and Chinese schools.
Friedrich Hayek, Nobel Prize winning economist,
once said that “The curious task of economics is
to demonstrate to men how little they really know
about what they imagine they can design.”
Reading through Hayek´s book, Yang Jisheng gained
more insight on the nature and cause of that “famine”.
Yang Jisheng´s father was starved to death in the famine
when Yang was a middle school student.
Yang said that this book is a tombstone that
he erects for his father and for all others who were
starved to death during that period.
Yang Jisheng began his investigation into
the “famine” in the 1990s.
During his nationwide travels, Yang consulted relevant data,
and interviewed local survivors of the famine.
After a decade of effort, Yang collected data involving
hundreds of people in over a dozen provinces.
He could get quite a comprehensive picture of
the truth of the famine.
He concluded that there could be natural disasters yearly,
however the famine was happened during the ordinary years.
By referring to a wide variety of data, Yang confirmed that
36 million Chinese were starved to death in period 1958-1962.
Hunger decreased the birth rate and
caused 40 million fewer births.
The death toll of 36 million is 150 times the sum of death
on the 1976 Tangshan earthquake.
This figure exceeds the total number of
deaths in World War I.
The book related that in those days, the starved people
ate nearly everything including corncobs, tree barks.
Even bird droppings, mice, cotton and
earth became their foods.
The bodies of the dead, famine refugees from other regions,
and even their family members, all became people´s food.
During that period, eating people was not isolated and
there occurred many cases of people eating their own children.
China´s writer Tie Liu congratulates Yang Jisheng on
winning the award.
Tie Liu: “Yang Jisheng deserves this award.
He recorded a period of history, which the CCP still negates.
Recently, Li Shenming, vice president of
the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,
alleged that the starvation of 30 million people
is a fabrication, an act of discrediting the CCP.
Yang´s book is a definitive history of the famine,
no one can deny it.”
Tie Liu says that from 1959 to 1962, in Sichuan,
his hometown, 12.5 million people were starved to death,
including his mother and his uncle.
Tie Liu reveals that Sichuan´s Yingjing County
had the highest death toll.
In this small county with a population of 120,000,
over 60,000 people were starved to death.
Tie Liu: “My mother was starved to death.
At that time I was officially censured as a rightist,
and exiled to Shaping Farm.
This farm held over 10,000 rightists, over half of
them died from starvation, I witnessed many deaths.
In Jiabian Gou, another forced-labor camp in Gansu,
over 2,500 of 3,200 rightists detainees starved to death.
We were witnesses; we´ve lived through that period,
we know the truth of this bloody history.
Mao Zedong committed crimes against humanity.
The CCP owes the Chinese people a blood debt.”
The book, Nine Commentaries on the Communist Party,
records the CCP´s history of killing in Commentary 7.
It states that after the CCP´s Lushan Plenum held in 1959,
General Peng Dehuai was stripped of his power
for speaking out for the people.
A group of truth-telling officials and cadres were all
removed from their posts, detained, or investigated.
When the deaths from starvation occurred nationwide,
no official dared to speak out on the truth.
Gansu Province even refused food aid from Shaanxi Province,
claiming that Gansu had too much food surplus.
Yang Jisheng hopes that the Chinese people can
learn some lessons from this tragedy, to prevent it from ever happening again!
