【新唐人2013年03月13日訊】中共國務委員兼國務院秘書長馬凱10號表示，為預防及懲治貪腐，中國大陸將建立「不動產統一登記」制度，以公民身份證號碼和組織機構代碼為基礎，建立統一的社會信用代碼。但許多專家學者認為，這個舉措可能對反腐敗有益，但是不是反腐敗的根本措施。
馬凱是在說明「國務院機構改革和職能轉變方案」時提出這項計劃。有網友認為，這代表個人名下的不動產將會全國聯網。
而「中央民族大學」哲學和宗教學系教授趙士林認為，這樣一些措施有利於信息公開透明，有利於反腐敗。但是，趙士林說，根本上還是要通過政治體制改革，把政治運作透明化、權力公開化來限制權力。
中央民族大學哲學和宗教學系教授趙士林：「比如審判權，行政審批權，因為涉及到不動產信息這樣一些問題。這個舉措固然重要，但是根本上解決房地產問題，還是應該靠解決土地財政的問題，政府不能手裡把著土地作為財源，這是中國房地產泡沫乃至高房價，乃至整個房地產腐敗的最根本原因。如果從這個角度來解決問題，比如從土地私有化，農民真的掌握土地等等，這樣一些層面來解決問題的話，那麼房地產腐敗也好，房地產泡沫也好，才能真正解決。」
「北京大學」法學院教授張千帆則認為，這是建立中國社會信用體系的一個步驟，對於打擊腐敗還是有益的。
北京大學法學院教授張千帆：「因為現在對於貪官來說，銀行有多少賬戶，有多少套房子，當然有一些登記，但是估計有很多是沒有登記，所以說要查處確實也是有一些技術上的困難。所以這個舉措應該說對防治腐敗來說應該還是有用的。」
「中國人民大學」政治學教授張鳴表示，這個舉措是學習美國的經驗，可以進一步完善公民信息，確實對反腐敗有一定效果，可能對取消戶籍制度也有一些好處。但是，張鳴說，這種做法應該伴隨政治民主化，才能防止變成為加強控制公民的一種手段。
中國人民大學政治學教授張鳴：「目前看還是好事。但是我擔心它會……如果政治不民主化的話，這種信息加強控制，對你的信息進一步網絡化，電子化的控制，可能會導致對公民的自由有可能是一種傷害。但是現在我主要肯定它這種做法。因為這種做法可能有助於戶籍制度的改革，以及對官員財產的跟蹤。」
不過，趙士林還表示，在目前中共的體制下，任何政策的出臺，權貴都可能有辦法逃避。
趙士林：「一個是中央政令不暢通。馬凱這樣講了，中央這樣講了，地方政府它還有很多辦法。它通過比如隱瞞信息，或通過其他一些變通的辦法，或甚至通過一些很下流的手段，來迴避，來規避，或沖淡，或扭曲，使這些舉措的邊際效應遞減。非常可能。」
趙士林說明，中央和地方政令不暢通，最根本的原因就是政治體制改革不到位，而使得權力永遠超越法律、法規，那麼，制定法律和法規本身的意義何在？他說，因為有超越法律的權力，法律因此被制約、扭曲，甚至被閹割。
雖然，中國最高人民檢察院檢察長曹建明週日表示，過去5年，檢察機關共立案偵查16萬多件貪污賄賂案，涉案者21萬多人，其中包括30名省部級以上官員。但，這可能只是冰山的一角，更大面積的腐敗仍被掩蓋在水面以下。
採訪編輯/秦雪 後製/蕭宇
Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Plans to Release Unified
Real Estate Registration System
On March 10th, Chinese Communist Party (CCP) State Council
Member and State Council Secretary-General Ma Kai said
for prevention and punishment of corruption,
China will establish a real estate unified registration system.
This will have unified credit codes based on
citizen ID and organizations.
Many experts and scholars believe this move
might be good against corruption.
However it is not a fundamental anti-corruption measure.
Ma Kai brought up this plan while explaining the “State Council
Institutional Reform & Transformation Program."
Some netizens think this means personal real estate properties
will be put on the internet.
Zhao Shilin, Professor of Philosophy and Religious Studies
at Minzu University of China gave his views:
He thinks such measures help make information transparent
and good for anti-corruption.
However, Professor Zhao says the fundamental measure
is to ensure or political operation transparency and limit powers through political system reform.
Zhao Shilin: “Judicial administrative rights and approval rights
are all related with real estate information.
This measure is very important.
However, the real estate problem depends on finance of land.
The government should not treat land as the source of revenue.
This is the most fundamental reason for China’s real estate
bubble, high prices, and the whole real estate corruption.
If the government solves the issue using privatization of land
and letting farmers have the land, the corruption or the real estate bubble will be really solved.”
Beijing University Law School Professor Zhang Qianfan
thinks this is a step towards the establishment of China’s
social credit system, useful in the fight against corruption.
Zhang Qianfan: “Currently there is some kind of registration
of bank accounts and real estate properties for corrupt officials.
However many are not registered.
Therefore there are technical difficulties in investigating them.
So this initiative should be useful in the fight against corruption.”
Professor of political science at Remin University of China
Zhang Ming said this is learned from the US.
It improves the citizens’ information, can have real effects
on anti-corruption, and can possibly help the abolition of the household registration system.
However, Zhang Ming said this practice should be accompanied
by political democratization, to stop it being a means of control.
Zhang Ming: “At the moment it is still a good practice.
But I am worried that it will …without political democratization,
cause damage to citizens’ freedoms by controlling people’s data.
But now I mainly agree with this practice, because they may
contribute to the reform of the household registration system, as well as tracking officials’ properties.”
However, Zhao Shilin also said that in the CCP system,
those in power can find ways to escape from any policy.
Zhao Shilin: “The decree might not be smoothly implemented.
There are many ways local governments act, such as holding
back information, or some other spiteful ways.
This has the effect of to evading, diluting or distorting the
practice which diminishes its effectiveness."
Zhao Shilin explained that the most fundamental reason for
implementation failure lies in its political system.
With power always beyond the law and regulations,
what is the purpose of making laws and regulations?
He said due to power being above the law,
the law is therefore restricted and distorted.
Leader of Chinese Supreme People’s Procuratorate
Cao Jianming speaking on Sunday,
said in the past five years, prosecutors have filed over
60,000 cases of embezzlement and bribery,
involving 210,000 people with over 30 provincial
and ministerial level officials.
But this may be just the tip of the iceberg, and a much larger
scale of corruption is still lurking below the surface.
