【禁闻】中国第一部遭禁的小说:腹地

【新唐人2011年6月4日讯】“中国新闻周刊”揭秘长篇小说“腹地”被批判的过程。而在各种批评意见中,以:“不应该说共产党里有坏蛋”最为响亮。“腹地”在1949年前出版,1950年马上成为禁书,是中共建政后第一部遭到批判的长篇小说。

小说“腹地”是作者王林趴在“堡垒户”的地道口,冒着生命危险写出来的。它是以1942年日军对“冀中抗日革命根据地”的“五一大扫荡”作为背景,是一部被著名作家孙犁认为:留下了“一幅完整的民族苦难图和民族苦战图”的小说。

早在“腹地”出版前,争议就开始了。1949年8月20号,“腹地”在天津开始排印。隔年(1950年) “文艺报”上,时任“文艺报”副主编的陈企霞发表了署名文章—-“评王林的长篇小说‘腹地’”,将“腹地”定性为“否定党的领导”。

陈企霞说,“腹地”的主要缺点就是“没有爱护党像爱护自己的眼睛一样。”“不同意将一个党的负责人写成这样。政治影响不好,让人觉得共产党的力量在哪里?… …不应该告诉说共产党里有坏蛋。”

而王林的儿子王端阳表示,就是陈企霞这篇文章,新华书店很快的将“腹地”全部下架,再也买不到这本书了。

此后,王林因为这部小说一共写过 8次检查。毛泽东“延安文艺座谈会上的讲话”发表之后,毛泽东的文艺思想成为文艺作品的判断标准。根据这一标准,“腹地”小说里面,对中共党基层状况的真实描写,被批判为“自然主义”和“暴露黑暗”。

前泰国“世界日报”资深编辑张家振认为,“腹地”的遭遇,在中共的统治下是很常见的。

张家振:“过去共产党有一句话,在大陆有句话,攻击党的干部就是攻击共产党,所以它任何一个支部书记,小小的一个芝麻官,你攻击他就等于攻击共产党。为这个事情判刑的人很多,有个支部书记去调戏人家的妇女,结果(妇女)拚命,说要跟他拚命,就把她关了快15年了。“

作者王林也曾上书中央,但没有结果。在感觉到“呼天不灵,入地无门”的王林,1954年终于低头,开始修改“腹地”。

经过30多年修改,“腹地”中的共产党员终于彻底高大起来,村里的老人也都有了“喜神似的”相貌,反面人物则变得猥琐不堪… …这就成了“解放军文艺出版社”1985年出版的“腹地”版本。

张家振认为,共产党一贯教人把字典里最恶毒的字都用来攻击敌人,最美好的字句都用来装饰自己,这样的结果导致人性的扭曲,甚至连爹妈都敢杀。他认识一位姓曹的朋友就遇到这种事,共产党要他亲自组织去枪毙他的父亲。

张家振:“我说老曹,你当年枪毙你父亲的时候是个什么感受啊,他很痛心的,他说不要提了,不要提了,罪过啊,罪过啊。我今天有这个报应就是当年亲自去枪毙自己的父亲。所以共产党把人性都消灭干净了。爹亲娘亲不如毛主席亲嘛。天大地大不如党的恩情大,连唱歌都是这样,千好万好不如社会主义好,歌颂到这种肉麻的程度了。”

中共的宣传吓住过一代一代的中国人,那么它是否还能欺骗住当今的人们呢?

前陕西电视台编辑马晓明:“就是为了宣传他们自己,美化他们自己嘛。到了广大人民憎恶,痛骂的政治团体了。一睁开眼,社会上从直观的还是抽像的许许多多的事情,大家都能够知道共产党这个政治团体它是怎么一回事。

2007年,王端阳自费将 49年版“腹地”再版。王端阳告诉“中国新闻周刊”:“本来一直认为父亲就是个二三流作家。直到看到了1949年版的手稿才改变了想法,觉得越看越好。”

新唐人记者李静、黎安安、周天采访报导。

Unspeakable Truth: Novel “Hinterland"

China News Weekly revealed the story of
novel “Hinterland" being criticized and banned.
Among a variety of criticisms, the most condemning
is “there shouldn’t be bad guys in Communist Party".
Hinterland was published in 1949, banned in 1950.
It’s the first novel banned by the communist regime.

Hinterland was written by Wang Lin by risking his life
when writing in a tunnel of a military fort.
It is in the backdrop of the Japanese army’s attacks
on Chinese Communist Party (CCP)’s Hebei base
in 1942. Well-known author Sun Li called Hinterland
a novel describing “the complete suffering of a nation”.

Prior to Hinterland’s publication, controversy began.
On Aug 20, 1949, its typography started in Tianjin.
In 1950, deputy editor-in-chief of paper Wenyi Bao,
Chen Qixia wrote an article criticizing Hinterland,
calling it a “denial of the CCP’s leadership".

Chen said, Hinterland’s main shortcoming was that
“he doesn’t love CCP as he loves his own eyes".
“I don’t agree with writing of a CCP official like this.
Its political influence is not good.
… Shouldn’t say that there are bad guys in CCP”.

Wang Lin’s son Wang Duanyang said, due to Chen,
bookstores soon took Hinterland off their shelves.
It was no longer possible to buy this book.

As a result, Wang Lin wrote 8 self-criticizing reports.
Mao Zedong’s thoughts on literary works became
the judging criteria on literary works in China.
As Hinterland candidly described the situation of
grass-roots CCP, it was criticized as “naturalism"
and “exposing the darkness".

Ex-editor Zhang Jiazhen of Thai paper UDNBKK
said Hinterland’s fate is common under CCP’s rule.

Zhang: There was a saying in mainland China,
“attacking CCP cadres is attacking CCP”. Therefore,
attacking a petty cadre is equivalent to attacking CCP.
Many people were sentenced for such things.
A CCP branch secretary took liberties with a woman,
who wanted to fight. So she was jailed for 15 years.

Wang Lin wrote to the Central CCP, to no avail.
Feeling cornered and desperate,
Wang Lin started to modify Hinterland in 1954.

After 30 years of modification, in the new Hinterland,
the CCP members became fair-minded figures.
The villains became unimaginably mean.
This was the version that was published in 1985.

Zhang believes that the CCP always teaches people
to use the most vicious words to attack its enemies
and use the best words to describe itself.
As a result, these people’s human nature is distorted,
and some even kill their parents cold-bloodedly.
His friend Cao shot his own father on CCP’s orders.

Zhang: I asked, how did you feel when killing dad?
He hurt very much and said, don’t mention it again.
This is a sin. I am suffering from retribution today
for shooting my father. CCP wiped out my humanity.
I was told Mao is dearer to me than my parents.
Songs composed by CCP all praise itself,
to the extent of being extremely disgusting.

CCP’s propaganda has scared off generations of
Chinese people. Can it deceive people today?

Shaanxi TV ex-editor Ma Xiaoming:
(CCP’s propaganda) is to promote and beautify itself.
It is hated and derided by the majority of people.
It’s impossible for them to believe (CCP),
because they have learnt lessons from facts.
From many things, people came to know
the true nature of this political group called CCP.
The truth has educated the people.

In 2007, at his own expense, Wang Duanyang
published the 1949 edition of Hinterland.
He told China News Weekly, “I always thought that
my father was a third-rate writer,
until I saw his manuscripts from 1949.

NTD reporters Li Jing, Li Anan and Zhou Tian

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