【新唐人2014年03月12日訊】昆明事件3月1號發生後，中共領導人習近平和李克強，分別以「國安委主席」和「國安委副主席」的身份，出現在媒體上。而日前有消息傳出，「中央國家安全委員會」的成員名單已經敲定，目前已經開始運轉。有分析認為，「國安委」的正式啟動，將徹底架空「政法委」。但法律界對於政法委的權力被削弱，態度並不樂觀，因為即使政法委倒下了，但「國安委」會取而代之，權力雖然位移，但對司法的干預依舊。
據了解，去年中共十八屆三中全會上決定設立的兩大超級機構﹕「中央深改組」和「國安委」日前相繼投入運作。
今年一月中共中央政治局決定，「國安委」由習近平出任主席，李克強、張德江擔任副主席。張德江是新一屆的全國人大委員長。
加拿大《星島日報》報導，全國政協委員陳冀平透露，「國安委辦公室」設在中共中央辦公廳，由政治局委員，中辦主任栗戰書出掌。國安委常務委員包括中央政法委書記孟建柱等人。
陳冀平表示，國安委是中共黨內機構，不會再成立國家機構，搞「一套人馬，兩塊招牌」。陳冀平還說，「之前政法委干預個案的事多」。
據《德國之聲》報導，《路透社》3月9號援引多名內部消息人士的話說，中共當局計劃限制政法委權力，也就是「黨的機關干預司法的權力」，今後，政法委對個案的影響力將會大幅減弱。
但法律界人士認為，雖然政法委的權力被削弱，並不能說明當局在司法治國上有了新的進步，也不等於中國的司法能夠實現獨立。
北京律師莫少平在接受《德國之聲》採訪時指出，無論政法委的權力是擴充還是縮小，都只不過是中共根據社會形勢的變換而制定的不同策略而已，只是權宜之計，並不能解決根本問題。
原「北京大學」法學院講師王天成則表示，中共當局在削弱政法委權力的實際運作過程中，能夠多大程度上減少對司法的干預，他持懷疑態度。
原北京大學法學院講師王天成：「我不認為它會改進中國的司法狀況，因為它削政法委的權，它並沒有同時確認中國要保證司法獨立，共產黨一貫是反對司法獨立的，它認為司法系統需要在共產黨的控制之下，也就是它所謂的黨的領導。實際上以前共產黨它們內部也不只一次說過﹕政法委不干預個案，但是它其實一直在干預。」
王天成還指出，在共產黨一黨專制的政治制度不變的前提下，司法不獨立，法院必須接受共產黨的「領導」，受共產黨的控制，即使政法委權力真的被限制和削弱，也會有其他的途徑和渠道繼續干預司法。
據《美國之音》報導，「國家安全委員會」將在中共「兩會」後召開第一次會議。
而陳冀平向《星島日報》指出，「國安委」是一個綜合性的機構，不光是政法系統，還包括軍方、外事，及間諜等。他預計，「兩會」後，「國安委」的細節肯定會逐漸對外公布。
對此，外界普遍認為，昔日凌駕於司法之上的「政法委」，將會徹底被新成立的「國家安全委員會」所取代。「政法委」所擁有的權力，也將在「國安委」得以延續，甚至進一步擴大。
王天成：「這個政法委削權呢，它一個大的背景就是成立了國安委。這樣就是說，政法委的權削了，另外一個又起來了，它還是會干預。我相信有些事情，以前是政法委討論的，現在拿到國安委來討論了。」
據資料顯示，「國安委」雖然不是政府機構，卻由極為龐大的權力機構構成，其中包括公安、武警、司法、國安、軍隊、外交部、外宣辦等部門，擁有的權力遠遠的超過了原來的政法委。因此法律界和民眾擔心，取代了政法委的「國安委」，將會使原本已經十分惡劣的大陸司法環境，變得更加惡劣。
採訪編輯/張天宇 後製/李勇
Will the Political And Legislative Affairs Committee Be Replaced By The National Security Committee?
After the Kunming incident on March 1, Xi Jinping
and Li Keqiang’s names appeared in media coverage.
Titles such as Chairman and deputy Chairman
of the National Security Committee (NSC) were used.
Sources say that list of the NSC has been confirmed,
it has started working.
Analysts say that when the NSC becomes functional,
the Political and Legislative Affairs Committee (PLAC)
will completely collapse.
However, the legal circle isn’t optimistic
about the PLAC’s weakening power,
because although the PLAC is abolished,
the NSC can replace it.
The PLAC’s power will shift, but the continued intervention
in the judiciary system remains.
Sources say that the two major organs, Central Deepening
Reform and the NSC, which were established last year, now started operating.
In January, the Politburo appointed Xi Jinping as Chairman
of the NSC and Li Keqiang and Zhang Dejiang
as Deputy Chairmen.
Zhang Dejiang is the new Chairman of the National People’s
Congress Standing Committee.
Sing Tao newspaper in Canada reported that Chen Yiping,
member of the National Committee of the People’s Political
Consultative Conference (CPPCC) has revealed
that the NSC office is located in the Central General Office
and is being controlled by Li Zhanshu, head of General Office
and Meng Jianzhu, Secretary of the central PLAC.
Chen Yiping says that the NSC is a Communist Party organ,
there is no need to set up a stand alone one.
Chen says that “the PLAC has previously intervened
too much".
According to Deutsche Welle (DW), Reuters cited
insiders on March 9 who revealed that the central regime
limits PLAC’s power, which means the “party organs
intervened in judiciary power".
From now on, the PLAC will greatly reduce its influence
on individual cases.
However, legal experts comment that although
the PLAC’s power is weakening, it neither indicates
the regime has made progress with the judiciary system
nor means China’s judiciary will be independent.
Beijing lawyer Mo Shaoping told DW that no matter
whether the PLAC’s power has expanded or shrunk,
they are just different policies that were created according
to the needs of the social situation.
It won’t solve the fundamental problems.
Wang Tiancheng, former Lecturer of the Law School
at Peking University says that during the operation
of weakening the PLAC, it is unlikely that the regime
can reduce the intervention for judiciary in a large scale.
Wang Tiancheng: “I don’t think the regime can change
the current judiciary situation.
Because while it weakens the PLAC’s power, it doesn’t
ensure the independent of the judiciary system.
The communist party is always against
the judiciary’s independence.
It believes the judiciary should be under the communist
party’s control and under the party’s leadership.
Actually, the internal party has stated more than once that
the PLAC doesn’t intervene in cases, but it always does."
Wang Tiancheng points out that the judiciary
cannot be independent if the one-man rule’s political system
doesn’t change.
As the court must accept the party’s leadership,
and accept its control.
Even the PLAC’s power is really limited and weakened,
there will be another channel to continue its intervention.
According to Voice of America, the NSC will hold
its first meeting after the congress meetings.
Chen Yiping told the Sing Tao newspaper that the NSC
is a comprehensive organ.
It not only includes the PLAC sector, but also covers
the military, foreign affairs, spying, and more.
Chen estimates that after the congress meetings,
the details of the NSC will gradually be released.
Regarding this point, observers suggest that the PLAC,
which was above the law, will be completely replaced
by the newly established NSC.
The PLAC’s power will shift over to the NSC
and will be further expanded.
Wang Tiancheng: “Regarding the weakening of the PLAC,
it was under the condition of a new establishment of the NSC.
In other words, the PLAC’s power has been reduced,
meanwhile another one has been set up.
It still can intervene in the judiciary.
I believe that some issues have been discussed by the PLAC,
Now the NSC is discussing them again."
According to the sources, although the NSC isn’t
a governmental organ, it is formed by very large
constituted authorities.
It includes the Public Security, Armed Police, the Judiciary,
National Security, Military, Foreign Department,
Foreign Affairs Office and other departments.
Its power is far exceeded the PLAC’s.
Thus legal experts and the public are concerned
that the NSC replacement of the PLAC will likely
make the legislative environment, which is already very poor,
even worse.
Interview & Edit/Zhang Tianyu Post-Production/Li Yong
