【新唐人2011年7月12日讯】近年来，中国洪水灾害越来越严重。中国每人平均分配水资源量，不到世界人均水准的1/3。全中国近2/3的城市存在缺水问题。有专家指出，中共政府60年来推行的水库大坝政策错误，造成各地废弃水库林立，雨季来临一旦溃堤将形成泥石流灾害，也让中国水资源流失的问题更加严重。
这个月10号大陆媒体报导，中国约有2亿人喝的饮用水不安全，全中国每年缺水量已达500多亿立方米。
对此，德国工程博士王维洛指出，中国水资源流失问题的原因之一，主要是中共政府60年来推行错误的水库大坝政策所造成。
德国工程博士王维洛：“从1949年到现在，世界上50%的水库大坝是建造在中国，现在中国有41000多座水库是不安全的。”
王维洛表示：目前中国有登记的水库大坝共有八万六千多座，全部库容量可以满足全中国一年的用水量。但是在八万六千多座水库大坝中，有百分之四十是不安全的“危坝险库”。1975年淮河曾因为50多座水库 相继溃坝，造成下游23万人死亡。因此一到雨季，中国的水库反而不敢用来蓄水，防洪功能大为下降。为了发电，水库到旱季才用来蓄水。这和世界各国的作法都不同。
除了有登记的八万六千多座水库，中国其实还有许多废弃了没人管的小水库。部分还有发电能力的、可以赚钱的水库，现在都归了地方当局或承包给私人接手。而赚不了钱的水库都没人管了。
德国工程博士王维洛：“到1949年的时候，中国960万平方公里的土地上，总共不到30座水库，我们中国的古人不大推崇建水库。”
今年湖南岳阳市，因暴雨发生山洪土石流，超过40人死亡。当地村民说，数年来当地森林被砍伐精光，大云山等地矿产资源开采，严重破坏地质，加上当地水库年久失修，被大水冲垮，才造成这次土石流灾难。后来当局说，当地没有水库。去年甘肃省舟曲县泥石流灾害，溃倒的八座大坝中，也有一座是废弃没人管的大坝。后来当局也说，当地没有水库。
那么，为什么不拆掉这些危险的废弃水库？王维洛说，道理很简单，要花很多钱。在中国，为了强推政策，任何一座水库在评价时，都没有把废弃后拆除时所需要的经费计算进去，包括三峡大坝也是。
今年3月中国大陆开始大旱，到6月又急转成洪灾，长江中下游各省份灾情惨重。《中新社》上月底（6月 27日）报导，只在几天之内，江西省从大旱到洪水，上百万人遭遇洪灾，城镇严重淹水，大量房屋倒塌，农田淹没。江西省水利厅总工程师张文捷说，江西虽然有9700多座水库，但有蓄水能力的只有 200多座，其他都是小水库。这些水库里又有8000多座处于随时可能溃坝的状态，造成平常不敢蓄水、水多又蓄不了的问题。
报导还指出，江西省山江湖办副主任鄢帮表示，虽然江西省的森林覆盖率在60%以上， 但森林蓄水能力不足。下多少雨，地面就走多少水。在流域管理上，根本没整合起来，存在严重的部门和区域“各自为政”，比如管农业生产的部门，管不了水库和发电站。甚至官方在建设一些大型水库一开始也只想用来发电赚钱，没考虑到保育水资源的问题。
新唐人记者赵心知、曾耀贤、郭敬综合采访报导。
China’s Abandoned Reservoirs
In recent years, China has had more serious flood disasters.
China’s per capita water resource is less than 1/3 of the world
average, nearly 2/3 of China’s cities suffer from water shortage.
Some experts stated that the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP)
policy mistakes in the past 60 years to excessively build
reservoirs and dams had resulted in many abandoned reservoirs,
which form debris during the rainy seasons,
and cause more serious water resource problems.
According to a Chinese media report on July 10,
about 200 million people in China drink unsafe water.
Each year, China is short of 50 billion cubic meters of water.
German-based doctor of engineering Wang Weiluo pointed out
that one cause of China’s water shortage is the CCP’s policy
to excessively build reservoirs and dams in the past 60 years.
Dr. Wang Weiluo: In the period from 1949 to the present,
50% of all reservoirs and dams built in the world were in China.
China now has over 41,000 reservoirs. This is not safe.
Wang said China has 86,000 registered reservoirs and dams,
40% of which are labeled as “dangerous.”
In 1975, 230,000 people died due to the collapse of
over 50 reservoirs and dams along the Huai River.
During the rainy seasons, people do not dare
to use the reservoirs to store water.
Reservoirs are used only in drought seasons to generate power.
This is very different from the rest of the world.
In addition to the over 86,000 registered reservoirs and dams,
there are many small reservoirs.
Those that can generate power and earn profits belong to
local governments or outsourced by local governments
to private companies; those that are not profitable are abandoned.
Wang: In 1949, on China’s 9.6 million square km of land,
there were less than 30 reservoirs.
The ancient Chinese didn’t promote the use of reservoirs.
Wang said, in western countries, managers of reservoirs are
required to clean up outdated reservoirs and dismantle the dams.
In China, however, abandoned dams are removed
only from the government’s records.
A mudslide caused by heavy rainfall this year in Yueyang City
of Hunan Province caused more than 40 deaths.
Local villagers said the causes of the mudslide were
the removal of forests in the past years,
mining in the Dayun Mountain and other areas,
and the collapse of a neglected reservoir by the heavy flood.
The local authorities later denied the existence of the reservoir.
A 2010 mud slide in Zhouqu County of Gansu Province
destroyed 8 dams, one of which had been abandoned.
Local authorities later also denied the existence of the reservoirs.
So, why not tear down these dangerous abandoned reservoirs?
Wang said that the reason is very simple – it costs money.
To speed up the authorities’ agenda, demolition cost was not
budgeted for any reservoir, including the Three Gorges Dam.
China has been having a severe drought since mid-March.
In June, floods took place in the mid and low ranges of Yangtze.
China News reported on June 27, within a few days,
Jiangxi Province turned from being droughty to flooded,
with millions of people suffering.
A large number of houses collapsed and farmland flooded.
General Engineer Zhang Wenjie of Jiangxi Provincial
Department of Water Resources said,
although there are over 9,700 reservoirs in Jiangxi,
only over 200 have the capacity to store water, others are too small.
And over 8,000 of the reservoirs are on the verge of collapse,
and therefore cannot store water.
According to the report, Yan Bang, deputy director of
Mountain, Rivers and Lakes Resources of Jiangxi Province,
said that although the forest coverage of Jiangxi is above 60%,
its forests’ water storage capacity is insufficient,
so the rainwater flows on the ground.
In addition, the province’s water management is not integrated,
with all areas fragmented and managing on their own.
The government only considers profit instead of focusing on
the conservation of water resources when building reservoirs.
NTD reporter Zhao Xinzhi, Zeng Yaoxian and Guo Jing
