【新唐人2013年06月08日訊】中共環保部6月4號發佈了《2012中國環境狀況公報》，報告承認，中國環境形勢依然嚴峻，因環境污染問題引發的「突發環境事件」也很多。之前中國一些環境污染的真實情況，被當局當作「國家機密」。請看報導。
環保部公報公開的污染情況，令人怵目驚心，還不包括它可能掩蓋的真實情況。公報說，按環境空氣品質新標準評價，全國113個環境保護重點城市中，空氣品質達標只有27個城市，比例僅為23.9%。
另外，在198個城市4929個地下水監測點中，「較差、極差」水質的監測點比例為57.3%﹔而全中國長江、黃河等十大流域，約有30％被「污染」或「嚴重污染」﹔另外，在監測的60個湖泊或水庫中，「富營養化」狀態的佔25.0%。
此外，報告還說，農村的環境也日益形勢嚴峻，突出表現為工礦污染壓力加大，生活污染局部加劇，畜禽養殖污染嚴重，飲用水源和地表水都受到不同程度污染。
公告承認﹕環境污染問題引發了公憤。去年全中國共爆發542起突發環境事件，包括5起重大突發環境事件，5起較大突發環境事件，532起一般突發環境事件。
民間公益機構「北京益仁平中心」負責人 陸軍：「環境，這些年狀況其實是每況愈下，而且因為環境污染引發大規模群體事件此起彼伏，而且我們看到大規模群體事件，它的誘發的因素就是政府對環保真實狀況的隱瞞。」
去年底，世界權威醫學雜誌《柳葉刀》發佈的《2010年全球疾病負擔評估》報告指出，中國在2010年室外空氣顆粒物污染，主要是PM2.5導致120萬人過早死亡，以及超過2500萬健康生命的損失。
美國健康效應研究所（HEI）首席科學家、環境空氣污染專家組聯合主席亞倫•科恩表示，中國的PM2.5濃度、空氣污染導致的疾病負擔都是全球最高。
今年1月，中國多個省區出現霧霾天氣，幾十個城市空氣嚴重污染。當時美國大使館測得北京的PM2.5讀數高達291，被視為「不安全」等級。而中共環保部卻對PM2.5忽略監測。
在此之前，環保部還把耗資10億元人民幣、花費五年時間做的土壤污染研究結果列為「國家機密」。
民間公益機構「北京益仁平中心」負責人陸軍指出，環保部門還常把民眾的知情權當作不穩定因素。
陸軍：「在一些職能部門，因為涉及到它自己的政績，包括維穩的需要，所以它就會拿這個所謂『國家機密』來去掩蓋一些真實的狀況，一方面是掩蓋它自己失職、瀆職，另外是避免不穩定的因素。」
畢業於「北京大學」中文系的作家何哲表示，環境危及世界每個人，中國也應該用國際公認標準，而不只是中共環保部制定的。
美國北大筆會副會長 何哲：「如果採取美國標準、或者聯合國制定的一些標準—-就是已經公布的，不是機密的公開資料，已經是嚴重的污染，已經是危害居民的環境。問題是相當嚴重了。」
2007年世界銀行發佈的《中國的污染成本》報告指出，水和空氣污染的成本高達GDP的5.8%。「中歐陸家嘴國際金融研究院」執行副院長劉勝軍在英國《金融時報》撰文指出，中國製造業迅速崛起的背後，是驚人的環境污染。環境污染引發的疾病已經日益顯現，隨著時間的推移，勢必引發更多的社會矛盾，甚至成為社會不穩定的誘發因素。
陸軍：「最近這些年政府發展經濟的思路就是不惜成本發展GDP，而且往往是犧牲環境做為代價。這種實際上是殺雞取卵，竭澤而漁的一種發展模式。」
陸軍指出，從上到下，中共各級官員只顧自己的政績和陞遷、只顧眼前利益，所以採取這種短視的發展經濟模式。這種模式危害極大，所以現在越來越多的公民和一些非政府組織宣導並參與維權行動，而實際上民眾的反抗行動也越來越多。
採訪/易如 編輯/宋風 後製/周天
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Chinese Communist Party Releases Official Environmental
Report: A Tough Situation Revealed
On June 4th, China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection
released the state environmental report for 2012.
The report admitted that environmental problems remain
serious in China, leading to many protests and incidents in 2012.
Some facts about China’s pollution problem were previously
kept as “state secrets” by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).
The report from the Ministry of Environmental Protection
reveals many horrifying facts about pollution in China.
There are probably more facts that are still being covered up.
The report shows that among 113 key cities for environmental
protection, 27 cities, or 23.9% meet the air quality standard.
The statistics from 4929 groundwater monitoring points in 198
cities, show 57.3% have water quality of “poor” or “very poor”.
Among the ten major drainage basins in China, about 30%
of the rivers are “polluted” or “severely polluted”.
Among 60 monitored lakes or reservoirs,
about 25% are subject to eutrophication problems.
The report also talks about the deteriorating
environment in countryside.
The major reasons are worse pollution from mining industry,
domestic living and livestock breeding.
As a consequence, both drinking water and surface water
have been polluted to various extents.
The report acknowledges the fact that many
environmental issues have caused public outrage.
It reports outburst of 542 environmental incidents all over
China in 2012, among which 5 are ranked as “very important”,
5 are ranked as “important” and the rest of 532 are
ranked as “normal incidents”.
Lu Jun, director of a public health charity in China:
”Our environment is really becoming worse these years.
Massive protests have broken out one after another
against pollution problems.
We can see that there is an important fact
leading to those protests.
That is, the CCP is covering up the truth of our environment.”
The Lancet, a famous medical journal, published a report titled
“Global Burden of Disease Study 2010” at the end of 2012.
The article estimates that for China alone, outdoor air
pollution in the form of fine particles (PM 2.5) contributes to
1.2 million premature deaths and over 25 million
healthy years of life lost in 2010.
Dr. Aaron Cohen, Principal Epidemiologist of Health Effects
Institute (HEI) and Co-Chair of the GBD Ambient Air Pollution
Expert Group, had said that China’s PM 2.5 level and burden
of disease due to air pollution are both the highest in the world.
This January, hazy weather covered many provinces of China
with many cities experiencing extremely bad air pollution.
The US Embassy measured a PM 2.5 level of 291, which is
regarded as a “dangerous” level for human health.
On the other hand, the CCP’s Ministry of Environmental
Protection didn』t do any measurement of the PM 2.5 level.
Before that, the Ministry of Environmental Protection also
marked a research report about soil pollution as “state secret”.
It had taken 1 billion Yuan and five years to finish the research.
Lu Jun, director of a public health charity
“Beijing Yirenping Center”, remarked that
the CCP’s environmental regarded
“civil rights to know the truth” as a “factor of instability”.
Lu Jun: ”Some governmental agencies use “state secrets”
to hide the truth because they want to protect their political
positions or “maintain stability”.
So on one hand they don’t want the public to know
about their negligence or dereliction of duty,
on the other hand they try to avoid inducing
any factor of instability.”
He Zhe, a writer graduated from Peking University, believes
that environmental issues involve every single person.
Therefore, China should also adopt global standards in
environmental protection to replace those established by the CCP’s departments.
He Zhe, vice president of Peking University Pen club in US:
“The US standards, or those established by the United Nations are all open to the public.
By using those non-secret standards, we see that
China’s pollution problem has been very, very serious.
It is hazardous to the health of our people.”
According to World Bank’s report
“Cost of Pollution in China” in 2007,
the combined health and non-health cost of outdoor
air and water pollution for China’s economy comes to about 5.8% of the total GDP.
CEIBS Lujiazui International Finance Research Centre Deputy
Director Dr. Liu Shengjun wrote in Financial Times that
behind the rapid rise of China’s manufacturing industry
are horrifying pollution problems that are becoming increasingly apparent;
As time passes more social conflicts will inevitably be induced
and can possibly cause further instability of the society.
Lu Jun: ”In recent years the CCP was seeking GDP growth at all
costs. Many times this happened at the environmental expense.
This mode of economic development is the same as
“catching the fish by draining the pool”.”
Lu Jun remarked that all levels of CCP officials
only care about their own promotions
so they use such a short-sighted mode
only for immediate economic growth;
however, this mode is extremely harmful in the long run.
Now more and more citizens and non-governmental
agencies stand out to protect their rights.
In fact Chinese people are also showing more resistance
against the CCP’s acts.
