【新唐人2013年06月03日訊】根據中共當局的計劃，中國將以「三峽大壩」為樣板，在全國範圍內建成50個大型水壩。然而「三峽大壩」營運10年後，對當地生態環境的破壞，以及三峽工程弊大於利的後果已經有目共睹，也一直受到專家的指責。目前中國已是世界上最大的水電消費國，再大興水壩，外界認為，除了在增加GDP數字上好看一點外，最後可能給中國子孫和整個世界留下更多的遺患。
據了解，中共當局計劃在2020年以前，把中國的發電能力提高50%，同時削減煤炭消耗並減少對進口天然氣的依賴。中國未來十年新一輪的水電項目，有50個大型水壩正在運作中。這些大壩大多分佈在中國地震多發的西南山區。世界上洩洪量最大的「溪洛渡大壩」，計劃在今年6月開始發電。
五月中旬，中共環保部批准的，位於四川藏區的「雙江口大壩」，將是世界上最高的水電大壩，高達314米。
北京環保學者張峻峰認為，現在再大力建設水電站，除了在GDP數字上顯得好看一些外，沒有其他好處。張峻峰指出，水利發電並沒有解決因燃煤帶來的酸雨等環境問題，反而帶來移民及當地用工等諸多問題。
北京環保學者張峻峰：「水能一般都在山區，尤其是水源的上流地帶或發源地區，而這些地方在中國一般都是地質薄弱地帶，在這些地方建水利發電設施，一定會改變當地的地質結構，造成地震的問題，山體滑坡的問題，泥石流、水土保持等等一些問題。甚至會毀壞一些當地的傳統文化。」
目前最受爭議的是，有五座大壩將建在流入緬甸和泰國的怒江之上，這些大壩可能影響毗鄰喜馬拉雅山脈地區的獨特動、植物種群。批評人士對此表示擔憂。
中共當局今年三月，計劃在雅魯藏布江修建三座大壩，印度總理辛格表示擔心。
張峻峰：「在上游地區建設這種大壩，當地的生態系統已經適應了幾萬年，幾億年的生態系統，就要轉換成現在人工的生態系統，這樣對當地的生態造成一個嚴重的破壞，衝擊影響會延續幾千年，上萬年，這樣的影響有的是不能消除的，所以下游的國家擔憂也正常。」
不過，中共媒體還是盛讚「三峽大壩」的好處，實際上，三峽工程的發電量，離當初的設想相差甚遠，三峽發電量僅佔全國總髮電量的3.3%。
旅德學者王維洛指出，在三峽庫區範圍內，天然河道被淹沒，導致至少102億立方米具有蓄洪能力的自然河流消失，防洪庫容也沒有達到預期的防洪庫容300億立方米的效果。
而位於三峽地帶的「沐撫大峽谷」是世界第四大峽谷，目前已經發生多處斷裂。
三峽工程在國際上被認為是最危險的工程，中國的水利專家黃萬里曾經指出「三峽工程12大危害」，警告三峽工程最終面臨炸掉的後果、三峽工程將遺患子孫。
旅德學者王維洛表示，目前，三峽水庫中的泥沙淤積量約為19億噸，三峽工程運行三十年後，泥沙淤積量將超過40億噸，長江水無法將那麼多泥沙帶入大海，必然堵塞中下游河道，那時想炸掉三峽大壩也解決不了問題。
採訪編輯/劉惠 後製/周天
Chinese Communist Party New Plans For 50 Large Hydropower Dams
The Three Gorges Dam is the model from the
Chinese Communist Party(CCP).
Now for their latest plan of 50 large hydropower dams.
After 10 years in operation, the Three Gorges Dam has
caused destruction of the local ecological environment.
The results are more harm than good and the aftermath
is obvious to the public and blamed by experts.
China is the world’s largest consumer of electricity and water.
Experts say that more hydropower construction will only pretty
up the GDP figure, but leave troubles for future generations.
The CCP has planned to increase power generation
capacity by 50%, while reducing coal consumption and
relying on imports of natural gas.
Currently in China, 50 large hydropower dams are under
construction, mainly in southwest earthquake-prone regions.
The Xiluodu dam, the largest in the world in terms of flood
discharge capacity, is scheduled to produce electricity in June.
In mid-May, China’s Environmental Protection Ministry
approved construction of “Shuangjiangkou dam”.
The project, located in Sichuan, will be the world’s
highest hydroelectric dam, up to 314 meters tall.
Zhang Junfeng, Beijing environmental scholar, comments:
“More hydropower construction will benefit nothing
but boost the GDP figure”.
Zhang indicates that hydropower has not solved
acid rain caused by coal combustion.
It has generated a great number of problems, including
local resident migration and construction labor employment.
Zhang Junfeng: “Sources of hydropower are mostly in mountain
areas, where in China are mainly geological weak sections.
In these areas, hydropower construction will surely
change the local geological structure.
It may trigger earthquakes, landslides, and impact
soil and water conservation, and other problems.
To some extent, it may even destroy local traditional culture.”
Currently, the most controversial projects are five dams
to be located over the Nu River.
This flows from China, through Burma and Thailand.
Critics are worried that these dams may affect the populations
of animals and plants living in adjoining Himalayan areas.
In March, the CCP decided to construct
three dams over the Brahmaputra River.
Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh has
expressed concern over this plan.
Zhang Junfeng: “Large dams will be constructed
in the upstream areas.
The local natural ecological system has actually lived
through tens of thousands of years or even longer.
Now it will be changed into an artificial ecological system.
This is a serious damage to local ecological system, the impact
of which may last for thousands of years and possibly longer.
Some of the impact cannot be wiped out. So it’s normal
reactions if the countries downstream express their worries.”
In contrast, the CCP official media have highly touted the
benefits that the Three Gorges Dam have generated.
However, the dam’s actual generating capacity is
a far cry from the original vision.
The Three Gorges dam’s power generation accounts for
only 3.3% of the total output in China.
Germany-based water specialist Wang Weiluo has said
that in the Three Gorges reservoir area,
the natural river courses have been flooded
causing disappearances of natural rivers, which
have a flood storage capacity of 10.2 billion cubic meters.
According to Dr. Wang, the reservoir’s flood control capacity
hasn’t reached the expected 30 billion cubic meters.
Mufu Grand Canyon, located in Yangtze Three Gorges,
is the 4th largest canyon in the world.
The canyon has been found with multiple surface ruptures.
Internationally, the Three Gorges dam has been
considered the most dangerous project.
China’s renowned hydraulic expert, Huang Wanli,
pointed out “12 hazards of the Three Gorges dam”.
Huang predicted that the project will give rise to
a disastrous aftermath, and will eventually be blasted off.
Wang Weiluo has said that the Three Gorges
reservoir holds about 1.9 billion tons of sediment deposits.
In 30 years time the total amount of silt
will exceed 4 billion tons.
The Yangtze River cannot carry so much sediment into the sea,
so will inevitably clog up the river downstream.
Then, even bursting the dam cannot help solve the problem.
