【新唐人2014年06月07日訊】1989年六四，軍隊開槍鎮壓學生、平民已經成為一頁沉痛的歷史。日前，香港《蘋果日報》旗下的《壹週刊》報導，美國政府獲得中南海內部文件，評估「六四」屠殺事件，死傷民眾多達40,000人，其中10,454人被殺。但是據知情人透露，當時面對朝人民開槍的歷史罪責，中共軍隊和高層的許多人有過抵制，就連中共最高領導人也始終不敢直接說出「開槍」的命令。
第38集團軍擔任軍長的徐勤先少將，是一個不服從「六四」鎮壓命令的例子。徐勤先認為，軍隊的訓練目地是抵禦外敵入侵。他擔憂，動用軍隊鎮壓抗議民眾會產生惡劣的後果。他在接到命令之後，拒絕帶領部隊進京。
據大陸《炎黃春秋》雜誌副社長楊繼繩的採訪，徐勤先對上級說，「寧殺頭，不做歷史罪人。」他也因此被立即逮捕。
而另外一名叫王東的師長，也曾經在軍隊高層發起請願，呼籲領導層退兵。有七名軍官參與聯署。據美國《紐約時報》6月3號報導，王東的請願書中寫道，「人民軍隊是屬於人民的軍隊，不能同人民對立，更不能殺死人民。」
「六四」學生領袖王軍濤在6月3號接受《新唐人》採訪時說，王東的這個請願行動實際上是他的上級授意的。王東是中共軍隊上將，當時出任中央軍委副秘書長洪學智的秘書。
六四學生領袖王軍濤：「洪學智反對鎮壓，但是他也知道軍令如山，所以他叫王東製造了一個情況。」
據《紐約時報》報導，王東跟學生領袖王軍濤和周舵舉行了秘密會議，這兩名自由主義知識份子，當時設法阻止軍隊發起攻擊。
王軍濤對《新唐人》表示，他們其實阻止不了鄧小平的決策，王東只是告訴他們，軍隊進城的計劃是甚麼，軍隊的預案是甚麼。
王軍濤：「軍隊的預案沒有那麼嚴重，沒有說打死市民的暴力等級。軍隊的暴力預案就是說，從監獄裡搞幾個死刑犯，然後他們開槍把他們擊斃。老百姓看到死人之後就會散開。但是八九年實際上超過了（預訂方案）。」
參加天安門抗議的香港學生李蘭菊，向美國國會作證的證詞說，「在六‧四清晨，恐怖的軍方信號彈在天安門的上空發射，很快從遠方聽到連串的槍聲。」「一些受傷嚴重的學生從大樓後面的樹叢被抬到附近的救護站，其中一人看起來是一位大學生，他的後脖被打得血肉模糊，下半身已經動不了了。」
《紐約時報》報導，中共軍隊裡沒有人願意承擔向平民開火的直接責任。王軍濤對《新唐人》表示，中共最高領導人和軍隊高層，沒有任何人敢說出「開槍」二字。
王軍濤：「八九年這個事鄧小平肯定是罪魁禍首，但是這件事情，開槍本身到現在為止，我還沒有找到一個開槍令。戒嚴部隊指揮部給各部隊的命令是，不惜一切代價，採取一切手段，在指定時間到達指定地點。那後來各個戒嚴部隊在挺進時就問，是不是可以開槍？他們沒有說。還是這麼說，意思說可以開槍，但是他們不想用這個詞。」
在戒嚴部隊當中，還有一位師長以消極怠工的方式抵制鎮壓命令。據39軍雷達兵李曉明向《紐約時報》回憶說，他所在的116師的師長許峰，沒有理會向天安門廣場進發的命令。許峰在得知軍隊展開血腥鎮壓後，在衝突較為緩和的東郊按兵不動，還假裝軍中的無線電通訊出了故障。李曉明至今仍然記得電臺裡傳來瘋狂的呼叫。
在「六四」天安門流血鎮壓發生之後，中共高層面對全國人民的憤怒和全世界的譴責，也感到慌亂。王軍濤透露，當時中央軍委兩派發生爭論，一派怪另一派開槍把形勢搞糟了。
「六四鎮壓」的決策者們都害怕被釘在歷史的恥辱柱上。李鵬四年前撰寫的《六四日記》，揭發中共元老鄧小平殺氣騰騰的多次講到「不怕流血」、「打壓」、「快刀斬」，來暗示鄧小平是開槍殺人的罪魁禍首，李鵬試圖為自己洗白。
而「六四鎮壓」最高級別的抗命者—-時任總書記的趙紫陽，隨後被囚終身。
採訪編輯/秦雪後製/肖顏
Some Military Were Against The Repression of The
Students on June 4.
June 4, 1989 was a bitter day in history when the Chinese
Communist Party (CCP) military opened fire on students
and civilians.
An inside document from Zhongnanhai, the CCP’s central
office leaked to the U.S. government reveals that over 40,000
people were injured or died, and 10,454 people were killed
according to a recent report from Honk Kong’s Next Media..
Inside sources revealed that many high level officers
in the military were against the firing at the time.
Even the top leader back then didn’t dare to say
“open fire” directly in the order.
Xu Qinxian, major-general of the 38th Army, was an example
of those who opposed the repression of the June 4 protests.
Xu believed that the military was trained to
fight against foreign invasion.
He was afraid that using the military to repress protesting
civilians would lead to severe consequence.
He refused to lead his army to Beijing
when he received the order.
Yang Jisheng, Vice Principal of Chinese magazine Yanhuang
Chunqiu, Xu responded to the higher level, saying “I’d rather
be beheaded than be a criminal in the eyes of history.”
Xu was immediately arrested for that.
Wang Dong, a division commander in the military, also
appealed to the leadership level to withdraw the army.
Seven military officers signed a joint petition.
According to NYT on June 3 Wang Dong’s petition said:,
“The people’s military belongs to the people, and cannot
oppose the people. Even less can it kill the people.”
Wang Dong’s petition action was actually instructed
by his boss, said June 4 student leader Wang Juntao
in an interview with NTD on June 3.
Wang Dong was a general in the CCP military, the assistant
to Hong Xuezhi, deputy secretary of the Central Military.
Wang Juntao, June 4 student leader: “Hong Xuezhi was
against the repression, but he knew that an military order
is irrevocable. So he asked Wang Dong to petition.”
Wang Dong had a secret meeting with student leaders Wang
Juntao and Zhou Tuo who were liberal intellectuals,attempting
to stop the military from launching an attack, reported NYT.
Wang Juntao told NTD that they weren’t be able to stop
the leader Deng Xiaoping’s decision, but Wang Dong
just wanted to let them know what the military’s plan was.
Wang Juntao: “The military plan wasn’t that severe.
It didn’t mention killing civilians.
The violent military plan was to get some prisoners from the
jails and then to shoot them to death.
When people saw them being killed, they would leave. But
in fact, the [June 4] incident in 1989 was beyond the plan.”
Li Lanju, a Hong Kong student in the protest at Tiananmen,
gave testimony to the U.S. Congress, saying “On the morning
of June 4, a horrible military signal flare was emitted above
Tiananmen Square.
Soon, I heard a series of gunshots from far away…
Some severely injured students were carried to nearby
rescue stations.
One of the injured men seemed to be a college student. His
neck was badly mutilated,and his lower body couldn’t move.”
The NYT report says no one in the CCP military wants to
take direct responsibility for opening fire on civilians.
Wang Juntao told NTD that no one in the leadership level
and in the military high level dared to mention “open fire.”
Wang Juntao: “Deng Xiaoping is definitely the culprit of
the June 4 incident.
But I haven’t found any order of opening fire in this incident.
The headquarters of the martial law troops gave all army
groups an order that was to arrive at the designated place
at the designated time at all costs and by all means.
Then, all army groups asked if they could open fire while
marching.
The headquarter didn’t answer, and repeated the
same order, which means that they allowed shooting,
but they didn’t want to use that word.”
There was another commander who protested against
the order by slacking his work in the military.
Li Xiaoming, a radar soldier in the 39th Army told the NYT
that his commander Xu Feng in the 116th division didn’t
follow the order of marching to Tiananmen Square.
After Xu received the order, he let the army stay at the eastern
suburb of Beijing, and pretended that the wireless radio broke.
Li Xiaoming still remembers the crazy yells from the radio.
After the bloody repression on June 4 at Tiananmen, the CCP
high level was also flustered under the condemnation of the
people in China and the whole world.
Wang Juntao reveals that two factions in the Central Military
Commission had an argument, with one faction blaming the
other faction for opening fire and messing up the situation.
Decision makers of the June 4 repression were all afraid
of being named and disgraced in history.
Former Chinese premier Li Peng published a June 4 Diary
four years ago, revealing that Deng Xiaoping said “no fear
of bleeding,” “crackdown,” and “cut with sharp knife” often
hinting that Deng is the culprit of the opening fire.
Li Peng attempted to whitewash himself this way.
The highest official opposed the June 4 repression was
Zhao Ziyang, then the general secretary of the CCP.
Zhao was under house arrest after the incident until he died.