【新唐人2013年03月14日訊】中共「兩會」期間，新疆暴力事件不斷，凸顯大陸民族問題日益嚴重。有消息指稱，當局已下令新疆全區公安和武警部隊進入「一級戒備」，南疆部分地區實行宵禁，嚴禁居民夜間外出。中共高層權力交接後，新任領導人在民族問題上正面臨新的挑戰。
3月11號，「世界維吾爾代表大會」組織，在日內瓦舉行關於中國民族問題的國際研討會，來自21個國家和地區的近百人參加了會議。代表們強調，當前受壓迫民族的團結協作與和平抗爭非常重要。而為了避免衝突的延續和擴大，以習近平為首的中共新領導層，必須檢討和改變既有的民族政策。
目前新疆局勢異常緊張。前幾天網絡消息說，新疆全區公安和武警部隊已經進入最高戒備狀態——「一級戒備」。這一消息得到了和田一名警察的確認。南疆部分地區則實行宵禁。阿克蘇地區的居民說，當地凌晨1點到天明期間，警方一旦發現路人，立即盤查。
3月7號下午，新疆庫爾勒市發生一起暴力事件。大陸官方聲稱，事件造成4人死亡，8人受傷，但拒絕透露死傷者和疑犯身份。有消息說，維族人與漢人發生口角後，持刀襲擊漢人。另有消息人士指稱，事件起因於一場賭博糾紛，疑犯在賭局輸錢後隨即拔刀砍人，屬於普通刑事案件，但因為事件敏感，知情者不願透露疑犯的種族身份。事發後庫爾勒城區戒嚴，武警四處搜捕可疑人物。
香港《東方日報》報導，「庫爾勒暴力事件」後，網傳新疆喀甚、和田也發生類似事件。其中和田市有公安派出所遭到維族人襲擊，被投擲汽油彈。
對此，大陸旅美民運人士蔡桂華向《新唐人》表示，大陸的民族問題由來已久，根本原因是中共一直實行民族沙文主義，對少數民族從文化、政治上進行壓制，從經濟、資源上進行破壞性的開發掠奪。
大陸旅美民運人士蔡桂華：「這樣的結果，只能讓這些少數民族地區中央集權的矛盾越來越（嚴重）。反抗的情況也會越來越嚴重。這是中央政府咎由自取造成的一個惡果。」
大陸「中央民族大學」哲學與宗教學系教授趙士林也認為，大陸當局應該向美國等國家學習，做到真正尊重少數民族文化。
中央民族大學哲學與宗教學系教授趙士林：「硬性的彈壓在現代社會既不符合文明原則，同時也不能達到穩定的目地。還是要懷柔、還是要尊重人家，尊重人家的文化，尊重人家的經濟和政治權利。這樣才能有一種向心力，真正產生民族團結。」
趙士林還表示，根據他掌握的消息，當局有可能會對民族政策做出改變。
趙士林：「肯定是要有改變、有調整。民族自治權應該進一步落實，否則的話也是大麻煩。對過去的民族政策也有所反省吧，就是硬性的打壓肯定不行。」
但蔡桂華對此表示懷疑，他認為，習近平、李克強等人繼任中共高層領導人之後，直到目前還看不出中共少數民族政策有所改變。
「達賴喇嘛西藏宗教基金會」董事長達瓦才仁也表示，中共不大可能改變最根本的民族政策，那就是：宗教必須成為中共的工具，各民族的文化和語言也必須被中共同化。
達賴喇嘛西藏宗教基金會董事長達瓦才仁：「如果推行最根本的這些政策的話，那麼其他政策的改變對整個實質的變化不會有大的（影響）。因為它的框架限定，一些小打小鬧不會有實質性的效果。」
達瓦才仁強調，除非中國社會真正走向多元、開放，尊重各民族的宗教、語言和文化，否則如果中共繼續沿用「胡蘿蔔加大棒」手段的話，不會有任何實質性意義。
採訪/易如 編輯/李謙 後製/鍾元
Xi』s New Challenge in Xinjiang
During Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) two sessions
violent events occurred frequently in Xinjiang, highlighting the growing ethnic issues in China.
Sources alleged that public security and armed police forces
in Xinjiang have been ordered to enter Class A alert.
Part of southern Xinjiang had curfew,
non-residents weren’t allowed to go out at night.
After the power transfer of the top CCP level,
the leaders are facing new challenges on ethnic issues.
On March 11, the World Uyghur Congress held in Geneva
International Symposium on China’s ethnic problems.
Nearly hundred people from 21 countries and regions
attended the meeting.
Representatives emphasized the importance of unity,
cooperation and peaceful resistance by oppressed nations.
To avoid continuation and expansion of the conflict,
CCP’s new leadership headed by Xi Jinping must review and change existing national policies.
The current situation in Xinjiang is extremely serious.
According to online news, public security and armed police
forces in Xinjiang are at the highest state of alert, Class A.
The news was confirmed by a Hotan policeman.
Part of southern Xinjiang is under curfew.
For the Aksu area this is from 1am to dawn;
if police finds someone outside, they would immediate investigated him.
A violent incident occurred in the afternoon of March 7,
in Korla, Xinjiang.
The mainland official claimed that the incident caused
four deaths and eight injuries, but refused to disclose the victims’nd the suspects’identities.
Sources said, Uighurs and Han people quarreled,
and Uighurs got armed with knives to attack Han people.
Another source alleged that the event was
due to a gambling dispute.
After the suspect lost money in the gamble,
he immediately drew his knife and attacked Han people.
This is an ordinary criminal case. But since it is sensitive,
insiders don’t want to disclose the identity of the suspect.
After the incident, martial law was introduced in Korla,
the armed police searched for suspicious persons around.
Hong Kong’ Oriental Daily reported, after Korla’s violent
incident, Kashi and Hotan had similar incidents too.
Hotan local police stations have been attacked
by Uighurs, throwing petrol bombs.
Mainland’s pro-democracy activist Cai Guihua, living in US,
said China’s ethnic issues had a long history.
The fundamental reason is CCP’use of national chauvinism,
repressing minorities for their culture and politics,
and plundering their economy and resources,
which is damaging to their development, Cai thinks.
Cai Guihua: “This can only make the minority areas’
statist contradictions more and more (severe.)
Resistance will be more serious. These are consequences
caused by the central government."
Zhao Shilin is a professor in Philosophy and Religious Studies
at the Central University for Nationalities in China.
Prof. Zhao thinks China should learn from the US
and other countries, and truly respect minority’cultures.
Professor Zhao Shilin: “Hard repression in modern society
is not only inconsistent with the principles of civilization, but is also unable to achieve a stable resolution.
So one should be kind, respectful to other people and their
culture, as well as their economic and political rights.
This could be a centripetal force,
generating real national unity."
Zhao Shilin also said, according to his information sources,
the authorities may make a change to ethnic policies.
Zhao Shilin: “It certainly has to change and adjust.
The autonomous rights should be further implemented, or else there will be big troubles.
They should review the past ethnic policies;
hard suppression will certainly not do."
But Cai Guihua expressed doubts; after Xi-Li took power
as CCP’ and China’ senior leaders he did not see any changes in CCP’s minorities policies.
Dawa Tsering, chairman of the Dalai Lama Tibet Religious
Foundation, also said, the CCP is unlikely to change its most fundamental ethnic policy.
That is, religion must become a tool of the CCP, different
cultures and languages must also be embraced by the CCP.
Dawa Tsering: “Implementing the most fundamental
policies will not make a big (impact) on the whole.
Because of its framework, some small changes
will not have substantial effects."
Dawa Tsering stressed that the Chinese society needs to
really become diverse and open, respecting religions, languages, and cultures of various ethnic groups.
Otherwise, if CCP continues to follow the ‘carrot and stick’
approach, there will be no substantial change.