【新唐人2011年7月25日訊】歐盟7月20號起開始實行「有史以來最為嚴厲的」《玩具安全指令》，任何進入歐盟市場的玩具，都需經過嚴格的安全和風險評估。這對面臨倒閉潮的中國玩具商無疑是雪上加霜。
歐盟開始在27個成員國實施新版《玩具安全指令》。新指令從7月20號起對包裝形狀、玩具接縫拉力等細節、安全和風險評估，以及可追溯性等都有空前的嚴格要求。違反指令要求者，除了面臨罰款、召回產品等處分，情況嚴重的將被追究刑事責任。
有分析人士指出，歐盟是中國最大的玩具進口區域，要求標準提高對於中國的玩具製造商，尤其是中小企業將帶來巨大衝擊。
與此同時，深圳東莞許多企業突然倒閉，其中就包括韓資的老牌「素藝」玩具廠。據報導，「素藝」曾經是世界第二大玩具品牌的代工廠，效益向來很好。 2008年全球經濟衰退時，許多製造商倒下，「素藝」卻挺了過來，今年卻突然結業，預示了中國玩具製造商的前景坎坷。
和中國其他製造商一樣，玩具製造商也面對勞工、電費等成本增加、融資艱難、外國訂單減少等困境。根據專家估計，歐盟的新門檻，可能讓中國廠商成本增加高達兩成。因此，玩具製造商情況可說比其他製造業者更嚴峻。
有報導說，中國的倒閉雪球已經開始滾動，情況將比2008年全球經濟衰退時更加慘烈。
不過，中國玩具商的生存加倍困難，其實是前因自種，作繭自縛。
2007年8月，中國製造的玩具中被檢出含有高濃度的重金屬鉛、汞和鎘，遭美國政府下令全面回收。事件震動全球，激起「反中國製造」潮流，一些非中國製造的玩具如樂高、摩比等成了優勢產品。隨著，網上出現了許多羅列非中國製造的玩具產品，幫助消費者作選擇。
除了玩具，中國製造的兒童塑膠雨衣也被發現含有重金屬，泡沫拼圖墊子也驗出含致癌物質。去年12月，法國和比利時對中國製造含有甲酰胺的嬰兒和兒童的泡沫拼圖墊子，頒布了禁令併進行調查。
歐盟新頒發的指令，就對特定重金屬的限制由8種增加為19種，66種過敏性香料被明確限制使用，其中55種被禁用、11種香料的含量超過0.01％時需作出標註。此外，新指令還首次禁用致癌、致基因突變、影響生育的化學物質。
新唐人記者吳惟、葛雷綜合報導。
New EU directive
Since July 20, EU began to implement
“the most stringent ever" Toy Safety Directive.
Any toy imported into the EU market is subject to
stringent safety and risk assessments.
This undoubtedly makes the situation worse for
China’s toy manufacturers that already face bankruptcy.
EU started implementing the new Toy Safety Directive
in its 27 member states.
Implemented on July 20, new directive has
unprecedentedly stringent requirements
on package shapes, product details,
toy safety and risk assessment and traceability.
Those who violate the requirements
will face punishments, such as fines and product recalls.
In serious cases,
they will be held criminally responsible.
Analysts say that
EU is the largest importer of Chinese toys.
Setting the bar higher on toys has a large impact on Chinese
toy makers especially the small- and medium-sized factories.
Meanwhile, in Shenzhen, Dongguan,
many enterprises became bankrupted suddenly.
These include famous Korean-owned
“Su Yi” toy factory.
It is said that “Su Yi” used to be the factory of the world’s
second largest toy brand, and had been very profitable.
“Su Yi” survived the global financial recession in 2008,
but was closed unexpectedly this year.
This foretells the gloomy future of
other Chinese toy makers.
Similar to other Chinese product manufacturers,
toy makers also face problems, such as
labor cost increase, electricity fee increase,
financing difficulties and decreasing foreign orders.
Experts estimated that with the EU’s new threshold,
the cost would increase by 20% for Chinese manufacturers.
Thus, toy makers will face a gloomier situation than others.
It is reported that the Domino effect of bankruptcy in China
has already been triggered.
The situation will be more horrible than
that in the 2008 global financial recession.
However, the Chinese toy makers should blame themselves
for their current hardship.
In Aug 2007, Chinese-made toys were found to contain
high concentrations of lead, mercury and cadmium.
The U.S. government ordered a full recall
of these toys.
This event was shocked the entire world,
leading to the anti-“made in China” movement.
Some non-Chinese-made toys, such as Lego and Play Mobil
have become consumers’ preferred products.
Afterwards, many lists of non-Chinese-made toys were
posted online, helping customers make choices.
In addition to toys, Chinese-made children’s plastic raincoats
were also found to contain heavy metals.
Also, foam puzzle mats were found to contain carcinogens.
In December 2010, France and Belgium issued a ban and
conducted investigations on Chinese-made foam puzzle mats,
which contained form amide.
In EU’s new directive, the number of restrictions on
specified heavy metals increases from 8 to 19.
The use of 66 kinds of allergic fragrances is restricted.
Among them, 55 fragrances are forbidden to use.
For the other 11 fragrances, if their content exceeds 0.01%,
the toys made with them must be labeled.
For the first time, the new directive forbids the use of chemicals
that are carcinogenic, mutagenic and/or affect fertility.
NTD reporters Wu Wei and Ge Lei