【禁闻】从香港占中看北京倡“依法治国”

【新唐人2014年10月23日讯】中国大陆的各大媒体,目前正开足马力宣传中共四中全会,和“依法治国”的主题。同时引人注目的另一件大事,则是一国之内的香港,持续三周多的“占领中环”活动。党媒对于这场学生公民运动,发出要“维护香港的法治”的论调。这是否为北京提倡的“依法治国”作出最新的诠释?一起来看看。

《人民网》周二说,各方都在关注中国的法治建设。中共总书记习近平的法治观就是:奉法者强则国强。

那么,依法治国是依什么法?连日来,不少专家和学者认为,一切都应该依照“宪法”而行,因为它是一国大法和母法。

不过,“宪法”丰满,现实骨感。中国“宪法”赋予公民的权利,长期以来被外界认为,没有得到具体落实。

《南德意志报》21号一篇题为“有意作假”的文章写道:所有迹象显示,这里指的“依法治国”又是另一种诠释的可能:“法律辅助下的统治”。文章认为,中共完全不想要西方典范的独立司法,归根结底,中共想要的其实是高效的法庭,一种预防社会不满、让统治和管控变得更容易的法庭。

北京大学刑法学博士刘四新:“依法治国,它治谁?是治民?治社会?还是治官,还是治公权力?这个需要明确。而传统法治的第一个要旨就是用法律来制约公权力,制约政府,制约执政者。毫无疑问,它这个依法治国的理念,首当其冲的还是作为维护现有格局的一种工具,而不是完全意义上的法治。”

具体到当下香港学生的公民运动,港府和学联周二的对话,并未达成实质性的成果。学联表示,政府只是敷衍示威者。学联秘书长周永康形容,人大就政改的决定,“就如阉割民主路,令港人争取民主落空。”

港府和学生对话期间,有网友说,大陆正是没能在依宪治国,所以无法在香港依法治国。

时事评论员邢天行表示,真正的依法治国,是跟民主密切联系的。如果没有一个民主机制,法律不能独立,就根本不可能达到所谓的依法治国。

时事评论员邢天行:“从香港这个问题上就看的非常清楚了。香港社会它本身承继的是一个民主、司法的体制,中共它自己的承诺它都不可能去让香港人真正得到他应有的权利。所以它要把它法律这种制度给改变了,让它向大陆看齐。所以它怎么可能去实现这个依法治国呢?它那个都是一个笑话。”

中国宪法35条规定:中国公民有言论、出版、集会、结社、游行、示威的自由。

不过, 党媒《人民日报》曾在近期宣称,应该“维护香港的法治”,言外之意,被外界解读为当局要求香港学生们,马上终止这个运动。而发出类似强烈批判信号的,还有多家党媒。

时事评论员邢天行:“它所谓的依法治国,在它的眼里就是统治人民,怎么让人民去听话,它就不是按照法律去走。中共它向来都是这样,它不会说顾及到它自己说法上这种谎言。它会不断的用一些漂亮的词,去打造它自己的那些政策。这也是它愚民统治的一个手段嘛。”

周二,《法兰克福汇报》也关注了北京在香港“占中”运动上的战略。文章表示:APEC峰会即将拉开帷幕,刚在四中全会上提出要全面“依法治国”的中共领导深知,在当下这个时间点,不尊重国际条约--例如针对97年香港回归的《中英联合声明》,会令形象格外负面。

所以在香港,北京领导层采取了在中国其他地方早已多次用过的策略:即让抗议达到一定程度时,让其分裂分化。其中也包括宣称,香港抗议者背后是“境外势力的操控”和“分裂势力”等。

中国政法大学副校长马怀德日前指出:依法治国,人民不会只看到制定了多少法律,更看你落实了多少。

采访/陈汉 编辑/王子琦 后制/陈建铭

A reflection on Beijing’s “rule of law”
from Hong Kong’s Occupy Central.

Mainstream media in China is currently publicizing
the CCP’s Fourth Plenary Session and the idea of “rule of law”
with full attention and energy.

Another topic that has grabbed everybody’s attention
is the “Occupy Central” movement that has lasted for
more than 3 weeks thus far.

With regard to this student campaign, party media in China
called for the protection of “Hong Kong’s rule of law”.

Is this the latest interpretation of the heavily promoted
“rule of law” in Beijing? Let us take a look.

On Tuesday, “People.com” said that parties from all sides are
paying attention to the construction of China’s rule of law.

CCP general secretary Xi Jinping said on the rule of law,
“A country is strong when it has a strong adherence to law.”

But what is the law within the rule of law?

Many experts and scholars believe that
everything should follow the Chinese “Constitution”
because it is the mother of all laws in China.

However, the “Constitution”, for all its magnificent
appearance, is impoverished in reality.

For a long time, observers and commentators believe that
the people’s rights granted under the Chinese constitution
have not been respected.

Germany’s “Sueddeutsche” Chinese published an article
on the 21st titled “Intentional Fraud”, according to
Deutsche Welle (DW) Chinese online report.

It wrote that all signs show another interpretation
for the CCP advocated “rule of law”.

The writer believes that the CCP is not looking for
an independent judiciary that is the essence of rule of law
in the west.

Instead, what CCP wants is an effective court, one that
can quell social discontent and make ruling
and controlling much easier.

Criminal law professor of Peking University, Liu Sixin said,
“Rule of law, but who is it trying to rule? The people?
Society? Officials? Or the public powers? This must be clear.

The first principle of the traditional rule of law is to use law
to constrain power, to constrain the government
and the rulers.

No doubt, CCP’s rule of law is a tool to maintain
the status quo, not the rule of law in its complete
and ordinary sense. ”

Looking specifically at the citizens’ movement organized
by Hong Kong students, the dialogue between
Hong Kong government and the federation of students
has not seen any concrete results.

The student federation states that the government
is only trying to placate the protestors.

Federation secretary-general Alex Chow
described the Congress’ decision on political reform as
something that “castrates the democratic road and
frustrates the Hong Kong people’s pursuit for democracy”.

During the period of dialogue, some netizens said that
mainland China could not implement the rule of law
in Hong Kong because they were unable to implement
their own constitution at home.

Current affairs commentator Xing Tianxing said that
the true rule of law has an intimate relationship
with democracy.

Without a democratic system, the judiciary cannot achieve
independence, and the rule of law will just be
an impossible dream.

Xing Tianxing, “We can already see very clearly from the
issue of Hong Kong.

Hong Kong society inherited a democratic and legal system.

The CCP could not give Hong Kong their entitled rights
even when this is what they promised.

It wants to change the rule of law system in Hong Kong
to achieve uniformity with the mainland.

Under such circumstances, how can it possibly achieve
rule of law? This is a joke.”

Article 35 of China’s Constitution states that citizens of PRC
enjoy freedom of speech, of the press, of assembly,
of association, of procession and of demonstration.

Party media “People’s Daily” said recently that China should
“maintain the rule of law in Hong Kong”.

This has been interpreted by the outside world to mean
that the authorities demand the Hong Kong students
to immediately end this movement.

There are many other party media that sent out
similar messages of criticism.

Xing Tianxing, “It’s so called rule of law is to rule the people.

How to make the people obey? It simply does not
follow the law. This is the CCP style.

It will not hesitate to use subterfuge and lies.

It will continuously use seductive words to implement
its own policies. This is how it governs and rules.”

On Tuesday, “Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung”
noted Beijing’s strategy in dealing with Hong Kong’s
“Occupy Central”, according to DW Chinese online report

The article stated, “APEC summit is drawing near.
The CCP leaders who recently proposed “rule of law”
during the Fourth Plenary Session understood
that at this critical moment,
repudiating international treaties, such as the
Sino-UK Joint Declaration pertaining to Hong Kong,
will cast a very negative light on its image.”

Therefore, with regard to Hong Kong, leaders in Beijing
adopted a strategy that it has often used in
other parts of China –
let the protest brew to a certain extent before alienating it
from the rest of the society.

As part of this strategy, it labelled the protesters
in Hong Kong as “puppets of foreign powers”
and “separatist forces”.

Deputy principal of China University of Political Science and
Law, Ma Huaide stated, “Under the rule of law, the people
will not only look at how many laws you have enacted,
but also how many laws you have actually implemented.”

Interview/ChenHan Edit/WangZiqi Post-Production/Chen Jianming

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