【禁闻】海归进退两难 “千人计划”难兑现

【新唐人2011年11月25日讯】大陆从2008年年底开始,由中共中央组织部启动“千人计划”,从海外引进上万名最高级别的战略科学家,以及创新、创业的人才回大陆发展。许多人回到大陆后才发现,不如想像中美好,签约时过高的承诺,在后续工作中兑现不了。

“千人计划”计划用5到10年时间,引进2000名海外技术人才,回到国内发展事业。这一项计划,截至今年8月,共6200人申请,入选1510人。

今年上半年,中组部等相关机关委托专业调查机构对“千人计划”实施情况,进行了问卷调查,根据调查报告,引进人才和用人单位平时反映较强烈的一个问题是:“国家没有配套项目和经费,开展工作困难”。

“国家提出的优惠政策很难兑现”、“待遇落实工作不够得力”也是被访者较关注的问题,特别是人才家属对各项特殊生活待遇的落实情况不够满意。

接受调查的海归人才中,30.2%的人对继续待在国内工作持观望态度,4.8%的人明确表示准备再次出国。

北京宪政学者陈永苗:“国家政策即使是这么高的,它如果具体落实到各地单位上,单位上可能不见得配套的会给这么好的一个待遇。就是说,它会有一个美好的承诺,但实际上把你们拐回来了,要骗上贼船之后,那条件的差距就立即显示出来了。它没有办法兑现它的承诺。那么这一些回来的海归他们这一个失落感就来了。”

专栏作家章天亮博士表示,如果有丰厚的薪水,可能有人愿意回国发展,但他们一旦回国,能不能做出中共所需要的东西,并不取决于这些人本身的才能。

章天亮:“中国他是一个‘官本内制度’,就是说他实际上并不是以你的能力强弱,来决定这个社会地位的高低,而是以一个政府的官员,或者掌握什么样的职权来决定的。所以在这种情况下,那么很多这种科技人员他们的研发成果不被中共的一些领导肯定,作为他们的一种政绩,或者说,明明不是他研发的,因为它是领导,把它挂在一个研发的组织者,或者带头人这样一个身份。在这种情况下,对中国这种研发实际上是一种很大的抑制。”

《中国经济周刊》报导,自1978年以来,中国累计向外国输送留学生、学者共计192万人,回国只有63万人,回归率不足三分之一,而留美理工科博士毕业生等高质量人才的回国率仅为8%。

中组部调查发现,针对大陆的科研环境,受访者的评价并不高。49%的人认为,大陆“研究风气不好,把很多时间花在学术之外的公关活动上”;45.9%的人反映“科研专案审批不透明,存在拉关系、走后门现象”;40.1%的人坦言国内搞科研“人际关系太复杂,需要花大量时间处理”。
 
另外,调查表示,在生活上,“空气、水污染严重”,“房价过高”和“食品安全”是人才及家属担忧的最主要问题。

章天亮:“国内空气污染比较严重,你待遇再好,你钱再多,但是你呼吸的空气是严重污染。再一个国内食品安全很是问题。可能你随时就买到有毒的食品,或者慢性中毒,这些你根本就不知道。还有一种就是后代子女教育问题。因为现在国内不但是笑贫不笑娼,而且使这个社会非常的堕落。还有国内的关系非常复杂,不是说你有本事,就是全部投入研发,可能只有10%的精力投入研发,90%都在搞人际关系。”

章天亮表示,一旦回到那个土壤里,或者是被这个体制所束缚,或者被这个体制所腐蚀,不能真正发挥自己的能力。

新唐人记者朱智善、唐睿、萧宇采访报导。

China’s “Thousand Talents Plan”

At the end of 2008, the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP)
Central Organization Department started the “Thousand Talents Plan.”
It was created to attract tens of thousands
of high level scientists to return and work in mainland China.
After moving to China, many people realized the contract
was not as good as said, many promises were unfulfilled.

The “Thousand Talents Plan” wished to attract 2000 overseas
talents in the next 5-10 years to develop their careers in China.
Since August of this year, 6200 people signed up
and 1510 were selected.

In the first half of this year, the CCP Central Organization
Department did a survey on the effectiveness of the plan.
One issue strongly raised was, “Government did not provide
project’ support and funding, so it’s hard to start the work.”

“The special living accommodation the country promised
is hard to obtain,” was another issue.
Some of the relatives of the talents are not satisfied
with the living conditions too.

Among those who participated in the survey,
30.2% are waiting for the work conditions to improve.
However, 4.8% are sure they want to leave China again.

Chen Yongmiao (Beijing Political Sholar): “While the
government regulations are very good, they have to be implemented at each institution.
The institution might not have funding
for such high level of treatment.
More plainly, it (CCP) promised you lots of good things,
but after getting you in the country, the actual conditions are far from what’s promised.
It can’t implement what’s promised. Those who came
all felt discouraged after seeing the reality.”

Columnist Dr. Zhang Tianliang explained that if the salary
is very good, then some might wish to go back to China.
However, whether they can achieve what the CCP wants,
doesn’t depend on these people’s own abilities.

Dr. Zhang Tianliang: “China has an ‘officials-based system,’
your own ability doesn’t decide your position in society.
A government official is in charge of deciding these things.

In this system, some technical staff
don’t get credit for what they develop or invent.
A government official will add his name
as a leader of the project and take credit for it.
This situation limits greatly scientific innovation
in mainland China.”

According to Chinese Economic Weekly, since 1978, China
has sent 1.92 million students and scholars abroad, but less than a third returned.
Among those with PhD in Science and Engineering
from the US, only 8% returned.

The CCP survey revealed low expectations
from the research environment in China.
49% believe the research attitude is bad in the mainland,
too much time is spent on public relations.
45.9% said approval process is not transparent,
many rely on connections.
40.1% believe interpersonal relationships
are just too complex and require too much time.
 
In addition, regarding living conditions, many of the relatives
are worried about air and water pollution, high real estate prices and food safety.

Dr. Zhang: “Air is very polluted in the mainland, doesn’t matter
if you make money, the air you breathe is heavily polluted.
Another issue is the food safety. You are likely to buy
poisonous food, or ones with harmful substances.
Another issue is education for kids.
The moral degradation in mainland China is very strong.
In addition, interpersonal relationships are very complex,
you can’t spend all your time on research,
the ratio is maybe 10% research,
90% interpersonal relationships.”

Dr. Zhang thinks, if you accept that system, it will corrupt you,
and you won’t be able to apply your skills and tallents too.

NTD reporters Zhu Zhishan, Tang Rui and Xiao Yu

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