【新唐人2013年04月04日訊】多年來，大陸當局在經濟發展中片面追求GDP增長，造成中國的環境污染越發嚴重。一份科研新數據顯示，大陸每年死於空氣污染的人數達到120萬人，幾乎佔全球總數的40%。而北京連月來出現的有毒霧霾更被稱為「空氣末日」，大批外國人因此離開北京。
去年12月，英國著名醫學雜誌《柳葉刀》(Lancet)發表了一份名為「2010年全球致病量研究」(2010 Global Burden of Disease Study)的研究報告。這份報告由世界衛生組織(World Health Organization)、美國華盛頓大學(University of Washington )下轄研究所、和其他夥伴院校及機構聯合完成。美國健康影響研究所(Health Effects Institute)也為這項研究提供了幫助。
報告顯示，空氣污染是全球第七大致命因素，而在中國則位列第四大致命因素，僅次於有毒食物、高血壓和吸煙。2010年全球有320萬人因空氣污染死亡，這其中，中國幾乎佔了全球總數的40%，2010年，中國有120萬人因戶外空氣污染而過早死亡。
相比之下，在與中國具有類似經濟和城市發展背景的印度，空氣污染則被列為第六致命因素，2010年有62萬人因此早死，遠低於中國。
美國《紐約時報》中文網報導，在中國的城市裡，空氣污染已經到了無法遏制的程度，人們對此也越來越憤怒。但在利益驅動之下，國有的石油和電力公司一直在阻撓或漠視環保政策。
北京市民段先生：「政府、尤其是中央得改變這種用GDP來考核官員、考核政府業績這種思想。而是應該用人民健康指數、人民開心指數，利用這樣的指數來考核政府。」
今年1月，大陸華北各城市的空氣污染達到創記錄水平。其中，北京連續出現嚴重霧霾天氣，空氣中充滿有毒物質，居民們被迫搶購口罩進行防護。
北京市民段先生：「比如說像我這樣常居北京的人，如果有條件，如果說經濟條件、各方面允許的話，還真的想搬到一個空氣、水質各方面更好的地區。」
英國《金融時報》中文網也報導，極其嚴重的空氣污染正促使越來越多的外國人離開北京，同時也使各企業招攬國際人才到北京工作的難度明顯加大。
北京《國情內參》期刊首席研究員鞏勝利向《新唐人》表示，他自己身邊就有一些外國朋友正準備離開北京。鞏勝利分析了這背後的原因。
北京《國情內參》首席研究員鞏勝利：「一個是政治環境、國家環境。國家環境現在是除了共產黨一黨說話之外，其他人都沒有任何說話的權利，也沒有任何這種環境。還有就是大自然的環境，空氣、水、土都是這樣污染。」
鞏勝利認為，中共建政以來所造成的環境污染，已經成了中國有史以來最嚴峻的問題。
鞏勝利：「環境災難將慢慢的顯現。今年，一個是空氣污染，還有長江裡面的死豬現象。你接著慢慢的往下看，它的環境災難將逐步逐步的顯現出來。」
鞏勝利指出，中共新任領導人習近平、李克強在環境問題上面臨空前的危機。一方面，當局必須在改善環境上加大投入；而另一方面，中國是在政府之上還有一個黨，共產黨消耗著更多的資源，這導致中共政府的財政支出急劇增加，並首度出現赤字。同時，大陸經濟增長也正在放緩。這些本身都是很難解決的矛盾。
鞏勝利認為，在中國現有的政治環境下，環境污染不可能在短期內有所改變。
採訪/易如 編輯/李謙 後製/蕭宇
Expert: More Environmental Disasters Will Emerge in China
Over the years, the Chinese Communist Party
(CCP) has vigorously pursued GDP growth.
This is thought to have intensified
environmental pollution in China.
A scientific research report shows that in 2010,
1.2 million Chinese died due to outdoor air
pollution, which is almost 40% of the global total.
Months of intense haze and smog in Beijing, described
as “Airpocalypse”, have compelled many expats to leave.
In December 2012, the UK medical journal
“The Lancet” published a research report.
It was entitled, “2010 Global Burden of Disease Study”.
The study was a joint effort between several institutions.
This included a University of Washington institute, the
World Health Organization, and several partner institutions.
Health Effects Institute, a US-based research
organization, also contributed to the study.
The report showed that air pollution ranked
as the seventh leading fatal factor in the world.
It is the fourth killer in China, second to dietary
risks, high blood pressure and smoking.
In 2010, worldwide 3.2 million people
died due to outdoor air pollution.
Among them, 1.2 million deaths were in
China, which is nearly 40% the global total.
By contrast, in similar cities in India, air pollution
was listed as the sixth highest causal factor of deaths.
In 2010, air pollution caused 0.62 million deaths in India.
The New York Times reported that, there has
been growing outrage in Chinese cities over what
many say are indefensible levels of air pollution.
However, state-owned oil and power companies
are known to block or ignore environmental policies.
This is to save on costs.
Mr. Duan, Beijing Resident: “The central authorities should
give up using GDP to assess officials work performance.
They should adopt an index of public health and happiness.”
In January 2013, air pollution reached historic
peak levels in cities across northern China.
Beijing was blanketed in a continuous heavy haze.
Local residents had to rush to buy face masks.
Mr. Duan: “If we had enough money, Beijing
residents, including myself, really want to
move to a place which has better air and water.”
According to the Chinese version of the Financial Times,
more expats are leaving China because of air pollution.
Meanwhile, Beijing’s companies face
harder recruitment of international talent.
Gong Shengli, expert on China issues, confirms that
some of his foreign friends are about to leave Beijing.
He interprets the reason behind it.
Gong Shengli: “The first cause is
the country’s political environment.
Now the public can only hear one voice, from
the CCP, and others have no right of free speech.
Secondly, it’s due to pollution of the natural
environment, of the air, water and the soil.”
Gong Shengli adds that since the CCP came
to power, environmental pollution has become
the most serious problem in China.
Gong Shengli: “Environmental disasters will gradually appear.
This year, besides air pollution, there was the
incident of dead pigs floating in a Shanghai river.
Next, more environmental disasters will continue to emerge.”
Gong Shengli says that Xi Jinping and Li Keqiang are
facing an unprecedented environmental driven crisis.
On one hand, the authorities have to
invest more to improve the environment.
On the other, the Party organs have increased
the regime’s fiscal spending, by consuming
more resources than the state departments.
Government spending was in deficit for the first time.
In addition, China’s economic growth is slowing.
All these are vexing contradictions, he says.
Also, Gong Shengli indicates that under China’s
existing political environment, environmental
pollution is hard to change in a short period of time.
